A few weeks ago the European Commission proposed (after several leaks and heated internal debate) its "Industrial Accelerator Act". The Act proposes rules for green industrial policy, which would effect billions of euros in annual green subsidies. A short thread on research we just published /7

As there is increased nervousness about the availability of jet fuels in Europe the German government makes flying cheaper by lowering aviation taxes.

A NEW TWIST in Africa's soaring solar story: It's now manufacturing its own panels. The factories use imported Chinese cells, which are 40% of the value of panels, keeping much of the value domestically. 9 GW of cells+wafers in Mar/Apr alone🧵

Journalism from @nytimes international articles since 2000 (n≈199,000) turned into a map. We see which topics were covered disproportionately. HT @tedalcorn

Company-level battery cell manufacturing capacities in Europe show a couple of things: 1️⃣ Europe has healthy capacity (but capacity does not mean output & this still needs to scale with growing demand) 2️⃣ Foreign companies are hugely important

Three sectors. One chart. Three very different stories. Buildings: 33% electrified in 1990 → 47% today. Industry: 31% → 33%. Barely moved. Transport: ~1% then, ~1% now. The 23% headline hides three transitions at radically different speeds. Long read coming on Substack: janrosenow.substack.com

European electrification is edging forward. New Eurostat data show electricity's share of final energy demand rose by 0.7 percentage points between 2021 and 2024. Growth, but not at the pace required to meet 2030 or 2040 targets.

In a move as predictable as the sunrise, US solar manufacturers filed a trade case against Ethiopian ones. It's not the biggest waste of human ingenuity in the world today, but can't believe how much brainpower and money is going into this legal whack-a-mole. www.bloomberg.com/news/article...

EU clean tech manufacturing investment steady, as it plummets globally, says Bruegel - Improving economic policy. More in today's Energy Briefing from Contexte www.contexte.com/eu/news/ener...

US kerosene imports closing between a half and two thirds of the Hormuz gap for now. But seasonality (more jet fuel for summer flights) means this will be stress-tested more seriously in June/July. (On the other hand @financialtimes.com reports today consumers are not buying tickets)

Europe's electricity revolution is driven by solar. Since 2020, solar output is up 220 TWh, while coal and gas are down 90 TWh each. Wind up 75 TWh. For context, demand is ≈ 2,800 TWh. european-clean-tech-tracker.bruegel.org/s/wnox9g

Investment in clean technology manufacturing facilities is falling worldwide, despite global demand for clean technologies growing rapidly. Our new piece joint @bruegel.org @rhg.com unpacks what drives these trends. /4

🔔 UPDATED: 2026 European energy crisis fiscal response tracker 💭 How are European governments responding to the 2026 energy shock? 📊 Explore the updated dataset by @bmcwilliams.bsky.social, Thomas Mramor, @aroth.bsky.social and @tagliapietra.bsky.social 🔗 buff.ly/HlVKMkJ #EconSky

In July 2024, the EU introduced tariffs on pure battery electric vehicles imported from China. Importantly, plug-in hybrid vehicles remain exempt. While BEV imports have stabilised at €500M monthly, trade flows have adjusted and plug-in hybrid imports have grown to €350M.

European natural gas storage operators took advantage of a sunny May bank holiday weekend to accelerate injections. Consequence is that required daily filling to meet 80% target falls from 0.26% pts to 0.25

Daily power prices average €21 in Spain since March. A new study finds that Spanish renewable expansions in the last two years have cut wholesale prices 24%

It has been a solid week of European natural gas filling. Daily rates are 0.26 pp / day, continuing at this pace would see storages reach 80% by 1 November (the EU agreed target).

BYD is scaling fast in Europe 🚀📊 2024: 0.4% 2025: 1.4% Q1 2026: 2.1% Top market so far: 🇳🇴 Norway at 3.5%.

Rising petrol and diesel prices are encouraging more Europeans to make the switch to electric vehicles. A monthly record 230,000 new EVs were bought in March 2026, accounting for more than 20% of new vehicles sold.

European governments have committed > €10 billion to cushion the impact of the US-Iran war on energy prices. 🇪🇸 Largest announced package in Spain at € 5 billion. Four-fifths of support is via tax cuts. Joint @bruegel.org work with @aroth.bsky.social @tagliapietra.bsky.social and Thomas Mramor.

A pleasure to chat with @maxbergmann.bsky.social about managing the fallout in Europe from higher energy prices stemming from Hormuz.

I have updated Tidy GHG Inventories - a dataset of greenhouse gas emissions based on country submissions to the UNFCCC. Summary figures: lambwf.github.io/Tidy-GHG-Inv... Dataset: zenodo.org/records/1969... This version has much more detailed energy sector data⚡including the split by fossil fuel 🛢️

Natural gas storages are nearly one-third full. European governments aim to have them four-fifths full by November. That will require roughly doubling daily filling to 0.25 % pts. @bruegel.org new tool tracks daily filling across all European countries 👇

Yesterday, @bmcwilliams.bsky.social and @keliauskaite.bsky.social added new functionality to our @bruegel.org gas tracker to better show how good MSs are at refilling storages. [Some of the data is now automatically updating every day. And our download-data is updated (typically) by Wednesday.]

Europe has a booming solar industry which employs one-in-every-thousand people. While manufacturing solar panels seemingly receives unending policy attention, all the jobs are in the installation and maintenance of panels. Anything that slows installations - like tariffs in the 2010s - hurts jobs

The IEA adds to a growing evidence base that the competitive production of green steel in the EU (and Japan) will depend upon the ability to import low-cost green iron. This is not deindustrialisation, but rather replaces today's situation where steelmakers import iron ore and coking coal.

Alongside many challenges, the new Hungarian government inherits a booming clean tech industry. 🇭🇺Hungary is the largest battery producer in Europe & an increasingly important EV manufacturer. For context, annual battery & EV exports are larger than oil imports.

European gas storage has started its summer refill. Storage sits at 30% capacity today. EU rules target 80% filling by 1 November. April injections are averaging 0.2 percentage points of capacity per day. A straight-line path to the 80% target would involve 0.25% pts per day.

📜 Pleased to share a new journal article - "A new European energy policy paradigm revealed by changes in hydrogen strategies" Through text analysis we find a shift in government hydrogen policy priorities toward energy security after 2022 energy crisis. www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...

Another energy crisis - another lack of unbiased, relevant, timely ENERGY DATA for policy-making: What is possible: The US Energy Information Administration, provides among many other series granular weekly! oil&petroleum data for: refinery production, imports, exports, prices, stocks, ... 1/4

European power prices are split since the US-Iran conflict. Gas-reliant markets like Italy and Ireland have seen high prices (€140/MWh) while renewable rich regions including Spain, Portugal and Sweden see far lower prices (€40/MWh). These are average wholesale daily prices (8am to 8pm).

Coal offers an important flexibility in the coming days and weeks - demand will grow marginally, but clean energy will be the real long-term winner of today's natural gas price shock www.bloomberg.com/opinion/arti...

🆕 How Europe should respond to the Iran gas shock – and how it shouldn’t Short thread on piece just published 👇 w/ @bruegel.org colleagues @aroth.bsky.social @gzachmann.bsky.social @keliauskaite.bsky.social @tagliapietra.bsky.social www.bruegel.org/analysis/how...

A short thread on a few key points from our NEW analysis I’d like to highlight: www.bruegel.org/analysis/how... by @aroth.bsky.social @tagliapietra.bsky.social @keliauskaite.bsky.social @bmcwilliams.bsky.social and T.Mramor 1/12

In December 2025, the new battery EV registration share in Indonesia was 35% !! It's only one month, but potential for Indonesia to move ahead of the EU, whose record monthly BEV share is 23%. 🇨🇳 Indonesian EV market is dominated by Chinese models

Q4 2025 Update | European Clean Tech Manufacturing Investment We track 200+ ongoing investments distributed between construction start and end dates. 🔋Battery investment stable at €2 bn quartlery 🚗EV investment down as EC proposes weakening 2035 target ☀️Solar investment remains marginal

Early evidence suggests the EU's carbon border tariff is encouraging other countries to introduce carbon taxation. My @bruegel.org @camille-reverdy.bsky.social colleagues find that countries with greater trade exposure to CBAM have increased carbon pricing announcements since the EU's proposal

Jensen Huang, the CEO of NVIDIA said at Lex Fridman's podcast (0h53) that to "solve the energy problem" more people need to understand that data centers should shift load across time and space. @nworbmot.bsky.social, iegor and I share this view: www.bruegel.org/first-glance...

Quite unfortunate that Katherina Reiche deliberately misunderstands the net-zero target. The flexibility she calls for is already built into EU mitigation targets: net-zero doesn’t mean ‘zero’ emissions in 2050. According to EU scenarios, we’ll still emit ~400Mt CO2 (=gross reduction of ~90%)

Electrification is important for the climate and to reduce imports of fossil fuels. More electrification lowers exposure to global energy crises. Yet, the EU's electrification rate has stalled at 23% for almost a decade - the bloc will propose an Action plan later this year to address this.

Qatar was the one major LNG exporter geographically and politically flexible enough to sell to all major importers. While Europe bought little Qatari gas, losing that option grants the EU's current suppliers significantly more leverage over the market. www.bruegel.org/analysis/dep...

Capitalisation at BYD, CATL and Sungrow up $70 billion since US and Israel attacked Iran. Oil stuck at > $100, and TTF prices back into the 70s will give another big push to clean energy globally www.ft.com/content/b122...

Helpful piece by @martinsandbu.ft.com detailing energy crisis response lessons from 2022. In 2022, policymakers "said any subsidies should be 'timely, targeted and temporary'. They were right about that. They mostly didn’t follow through." www.ft.com/content/b94e...

🇩🇰 Denmark's clean tech trade - Vestas and Siemens Gamesa facilities see the country exporting consistent volumes of wind tech. EV imports are growing as battery vehicle share by now exceeds 80% of new vehicle registrations.

Reportedly, airline companies smell a chance to attack EU green aviation fuel requirements. This is a ridiculous request which the Commission must reject. eSAF targets were a debate of two years ago that is now done. Companies have made investments on that basis. www.reuters.com/sustainabili...

🆕 📊 Updated data: Our @bruegel.org tracking suggest that the EU as of Q1 2026 has 260 GWh battery cell manufacturing capacity, equivalent to two-thirds of demand. A further 320 GWh are under construction - mostly involving Chinese companies.

In the first half of 2019, Spain’s power prices reflected the cost of fossil generation in 75% of hours - this dropped to just 19% in the same period in 2025. via @ember-energy.org ember-energy.org/app/uploads/...

🆕@bruegel.org analysis "Dependence on fossil fuels, not on the United States, is Europe’s worry” US leverage over the EU is far smaller than Russia’s in 2021, but persists indirectly via EU’s fossil-fuel dependence 1/5 www.bruegel.org/analysis/dep... @bmcwilliams.bsky.social @gzachmann.bsky.social

In some of Europe's sunniest countries 1 MWh of average solar generation is still worth more than 60 € (HR, BG, RO, HU, GR) and in IT it is worth more than 90€/MWh. (In 2026 it will likely be more.) This compares to maybe 40-50 €/MWh of average cost of utility solar www.bruegel.org/dataset/eu-r...

🆕 Dependence on fossil fuels, not on the United States, is Europe’s worry We argue that the EU's energy import dependence on the US is not comparable to the historic Russian situation. A scenario in which the US uses this trade to extract political concessions from the EU is far-fetched. 1/4