On Wednesday, the Modi govt announced India’s new climate pledge via press release, amid a global energy crisis and as Indians grapple with gas shortages. Many 🙏🏽 new targets in an era of climate backtracking. Others say it can do more and hides deforestation. I get into the deets @carbonbrief.org

NEW – Q&A: What does India’s new Paris Agreement pledge mean for climate action? | @arunacsekhar.bsky.social w/ comment from @ashishkothari.bsky.social @aygoswami.bsky.social @ndubash.bsky.social Read here: buff.ly/1x5FA0q

Mumbai’s dabbawallahs are losing orders as migrant workers leave the city. India’s more insulated class buys up electric cookers. Biofuel producers want India to make more ethanol. Experts say we should be saving grain for when fertiliser shortages hit home. www.carbonbrief.org/cropped-25-m...

NEW – Q&A: What does the Iran war mean for the energy transition and climate action? ✍️ @arunacsekhar.bsky.social @ayeshatandon.carbonbrief.org @daisydunne.carbonbrief.org @joshgabbatiss.bsky.social @orladwyer.carbonbrief.org @mollylempriere.carbonbrief.org Read here ⬇️

🌽 New Cropped just dropped 🌽 Cropped: Food inflation strikes | El Niño looms | Biodiversity talks stagnate ✍️ @arunacsekhar.bsky.social @giulianaviglione.bsky.social Subscribe to our newsletters ➡️ buff.ly/k84LIFK Read here ⬇️

NEW – Five key climate and energy announcements in India’s budget for 2026 | @arunacsekhar.bsky.social Read here: buff.ly/eu7RiPy

🌽 New Cropped just dropped 🌽 Cropped | Ocean biodiversity boost; Nature and national security; Mangrove defence ✍️ @arunacsekhar.bsky.social @daisydunne.carbonbrief.org Read here ➡️ buff.ly/5ZhNu7m Sign up to Cropped ➡️ subscribe.carbonbrief.org

The rules-based order has given way to a vibes-based order. That's what those in flagrant breach would have us believe. I tried to unpack my many feelings about international law, accountability and isolationism. Grateful for essential perspective from Lavanya Rajamani & @sivathambisetty.bsky.social

DeBriefed | Trump’s Davos tirade; EU wind and solar milestone; High seas hope ✍️ @arunacsekhar.bsky.social 💻 @daisydunne.carbonbrief.org Read here ➡️ buff.ly/nH4Jj3W

Modi govt raids climate activist Harjeet Singh's NGO, hailed for his work on loss & damage, adaptation. Indian tax authorities seem to think promoting a non-binding, activist-led fossil fuel treaty "could seriously impact India's energy security." Ridiculous. www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/e...

Great conversation with anikapatel.carbonbrief.org @carbonbrief.org about my book and China’s climate policy implementation. We discussed how mid-level bureaucrats act as entrepreneurial “bridge leaders” and what this means for China’s climate governance and its emerging global climate leadership.

Criminal. newsroom.co.nz/2025/12/10/g...

“Nothing has been discovered against the accused qua [as being] the membership of radical organisations related to Naxalites,” Judicial Magistrate Aridaman Singh Cheema said. scroll.in/latest/10891... #delhi #pollutionprotest

WATCH, READ & LISTEN: In a talk for the Leverhulme Centre for Nature Recovery, Prof Seirian Sumner (@waspwoman.bsky.social) explained the “natural capital” of wasps and why it is important to “love the unlovable parts of nature”.

NEW – COP30: Key outcomes for food, forests, land and nature at the UN climate talks in Belém | @giulianaviglione.bsky.social @orladwyer.carbonbrief.org @arunacsekhar.bsky.social @daisydunne.carbonbrief.org @yaninequiroz.bsky.social Read here: buff.ly/tBnx6KZ

At COP30, while public statements talked up "high quality" carbon markets, concerted efforts were made in negotiations to water down the already inadequate Article 6 rule book. Our conclusion: countries must fix Article 6 and not use carbon credits. carbonmarketwatch.org/2025/11/22/c...

NEW – COP30: Key outcomes agreed at the UN climate talks in Belém Read here ➡️ buff.ly/3isyGpX #COP30

At #COP30, Panama, Uruguay, Argentina, Paraguay, & Ecuador denounced the gavelling of the decision on the Global Goal on Adaptation despite their delegations having raised their flags and signalling points of order They lamented that the indicators erase 2 years of work conducted with expert input

A summary of WTO jurisprudence on "arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination" and "disguised restriction" that may inform how this text is interpreted: www.wto.org/english/trat...

Intervention by 🇮🇳 on behalf of 🇧🇷🇿🇦🇮🇳🇨🇳 BASIC, following the suspension of the closing plenary at COP30 Says intervening countries hold "extreme positions" Adds: "It is in our interest to make sure climate multilateralism succeeds"

While we wait for the plenary to resume after parties raised points of order: it's official, folks. Trade measures are on the COP cover that was adopted. Instead of being told to "go to the WTO", the WTO will come to the UNFCCC to dialogue with countries affected by carbon taxes + export bans.

COP30's key text, the global mutirão, just adopted here in Belém 🇧🇷

Shots fired #COP30 plenary PANAMA: "Mr. President, Panama is extremely disappointed. We were promised a transparent process. That is not what we're seeing. I raise my flag and you ignore it. I raise a point of order, and you ignore it. I sustain it, and it can be ignored."

🆕 UNILATERAL TRADE MEASURES #COP30 After fighting for inclusion on COP agendas in Dubai, Baku and Belém, climate-related trade measures are on the verge of having their big moment on the cover of COP30 climate talks.

++CLIMATE FINANCE! IN THE MUTIRÃO++ Article 9.1 – referring to finance provided by developed countries Key issue for LMDCs, Arab Group, who initially called for a 3-year work programme. Text has a 2-year programme on all climate finance from developed countries, including e.g. private finance.

On the key "tripling adaptation finance" pledge – the target is now for 2035, not 2030. Also, as Aruna notes – from what levels? The previous text specified that this was from a 2025 baseline, but that has been deleted... Now this is possibly open to interpretation? bsky.app/profile/arun...

New Global Mutirão text retains a "call for efforts" to triple adaptation finance, but pushes the deadline for this to 2035 - five years later than the previous draft and what the LDCs and other developing parties have called for Full text: unfccc.int/sites/defaul...

TL;DR: COP30 delivers a very weak outcome on adaptation finance, at what was supposed to finally be the Adaptation COP. Tripling goal pushed back five years. Still might be framed as a "win" by some, but far from the $120bn/yr by 2030 that least developed countries pushed for.

🆕 #COP30 Global goal on adaptation text - "takes note of" Glasgow goal to 2x adaptation finance/2025 - "calls for efforts to at least" 3x adaptation finance/2035 - "urges" developed countries to "increase trajectory of collective provision" of climate $$ for adaptation unfccc.int/sites/defaul...

'Iran’s capital must be moved because the country “no longer has a choice,” President Masoud Pezeshkian said on Thursday in remarks carried by state media, warning that severe ecological strain has made Tehran impossible to sustain' #Iran 🇮🇷

“We cannot talk about implementation with conditionalities on means of implementation, these are obligations under the UNFCCC and the Paris Agreement,” underscores the African Group at #COP30

Fossil fuel roadmap is not in the text, but important to remember that it was never on COP30's agenda or formally negotiated. Even though this is "cover text".

NEW: Mutirão text 2.0 is just out. #COP30 unfccc.int/sites/defaul...

In this issue: 🌽 Agriculture negotiations at COP30 ended abruptly. 🌽More than 300 industrial ag lobbyists attended the Belém summit. 🌽 Carbon Brief explains four key food, land and nature pledges from COP30. 🌽 The EU provisionally agreed on a farming-subsidy overhaul.

Beyond the big COP30 issue of Article 9.1 climate finance for developing countries, the new draft cover text contains potential ways forward for the "Baku to Belem roadmap" to $1.3tn. It is covered by one of the "workstreams" being proposed as ways to advance "roadmaps" on various finance issues.

Finally on trade measures, para 58 Opt1 take note of response measures / technical w'shops Opt2 dialogues at Bonn meetings Opt3 new info-sharing "platform" on trade measures Opt4 UNSG summit on trade + annual dialogue + report

COP30 COVER TEXT: The Brazilian presidency has published a first draft "global mutirão" text on the "big four" issues at COP30 – finance, 1.5C, trade & transparency Options inc a "Belém roadmap to 1.5C", national FF roadmaps, tripling adaptation finance and more NB this is only a draft!

First draft: unfccc.int/sites/defaul... #COP30

This time on Deutsche Welle I did not have a cat jumping up on the table behind me and proceeding to clean her nether regions. It was, consequently, a much less exciting interview.

Truly an honour to have my joke make it to a headline in today's edition of ECO @canclimateaction.bsky.social 🙏. #COP30 climatenetwork.org/resource/eco...

New 'informal notes' have been published for the just transition work programme. The option for a just transition mechanism - the Belem Action Mechanism - now includes an alternative for an 'action plan' This follows the EU tabling this as an option on Friday, having pushed back on the BAM

Portugal: "We will contribute €1 million to the Adaptation Fund by the end of this year (2025) and also contribute a further €200,000 for additional UNFCCC activities." #COP30 #HLS

Brazil’s #COP30 presidency has been keen to provide space for discussions beyond the formal agenda (package one), defusing the risk of a prolonged agenda fight and paving the way for something akin to a cover decision.

Significant to see the COP30 presidency now talking about a "cover decision" openly Widely expected, but notable all the same

NEW – COP30: Carbon Brief’s second ‘ask us anything’ webinar | @arunacsekhar.bsky.social @daisydunne.carbonbrief.org @orladwyer.carbonbrief.org @drsimevans.carbonbrief.org @joshgabbatiss.bsky.social @leohickman.carbonbrief.org @mollylempriere.carbonbrief.org Read here: buff.ly/9J2LHC2

COP president André Corrêa do Lago floats the possibility of "two packages" at #COP30: - one for finance, trade measures, transparency and 1.5C in consultations: "four themes that are very important to COP" - package for the "main COP themes", including adaptation, fair or just transition.

First draft negotiating texts for the “dialogue” on Article 2.1c have dropped at COP30. This concerns making all “financial flows” consistent with global climate goals. There are two "options", reflecting a key divergence in the negotiations so far: Whether or not to continue discussing 2.1c.

At COP30, developing countries raise concerns about unilateral trade measures like the EU's CBAM twn.my/title2/clima...