Trends in Immunology
@cp-trendsimmuno.bsky.social
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Cell Press Reviews journal covering Immunology. Posts by Editor-in-Chief, Claudia Burrello.
Meet our Editor in Shanghai next week!
3 days ago
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The sweet truth about germinal centers
#immunology
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The sweet truth about germinal centers
Glycan-specific antibodies are classically associated with limited durability. In a recent Immunity article, Fryer et al. showed that repeated Streptococcus pyogenes exposure elicits glycan-specific germinal center responses in tonsils despite reduced T cell help, revealing key limitations of anti-glycan immunity and opportunities to improve vaccine strategies against bacteria.
http://dlvr.it/TSNg38
4 days ago
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Cooling inflammation through metabolism with 4-octyl itaconate
#immunology
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Cooling inflammation through metabolism with 4-octyl itaconate
Itaconate is an immunomodulatory metabolite that links metabolism and inflammation. Li et al. uncover a mechanism by which itaconate and 4-octyl itaconate suppress cytokine signaling through the alkylation of tyrosine kinase 2 and Janus kinase 1. This study reveals a direct metabolic control of inflammation and highlights its therapeutic potential in sepsis.
http://dlvr.it/TSKdG1
8 days ago
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Scaling immunity: sickness as a host defense strategy
#immunology
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Scaling immunity: sickness as a host defense strategy
Sickness, or sickness behavior, is a state of altered physiology and behavior generated by the braināimmune axis during infection, which is generally assumed to contribute to host defense. Here, we examine this assumption by framing sickness as organismal-scale immunity and explore predicted parallels with immunity at the cellular and tissue scales.
http://dlvr.it/TSJPXT
10 days ago
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Microbes, molecules, and the maternalāfetal interface: rethinking the gutāplacenta axis
#immunology
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Microbes, molecules, and the maternalāfetal interface: rethinking the gutāplacenta axis
Placental biology is increasingly framed through a signaling paradigm in which maternal microbiome-derived mediatorsārather than microbial colonizationāaffect the function of the interface. This review synthesizes evidence that circulating microbial signals, including short-chain fatty acids, tryptophan-derived indoles, bile-acid-linked ligands, microbe-associated molecular patterns, and bacterial extracellular vesicles, are associated with placental vascular development, immune regulation, nutrient transport, and endocrine programsāprocesses central to pregnancy outcomes. We integrate mechanistic insights from gnotobiotic and supplementation models with limitations of human evidence and identify key translational gaps. The current evidence supports a model in which maternal microbial ecology shapes a network of circulating mediators that converge on interlinked placental pathways essential for placental function and fetal development.
http://dlvr.it/TSFgKw
12 days ago
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ProteasomeāhaemāBACH2 axis fuels T cell exhaustion
#immunology
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ProteasomeāhaemāBACH2 axis fuels T cell exhaustion
It remains unclear how mitochondrial stress instructs the transcriptional programme of terminal T cell exhaustion. In a recent study, Xu et al. uncovered a proteasomeāhaemāBACH2 axis in which haem liberated from damaged mitochondrial haemoproteins acts as a molecular messenger that couples mitochondrial injury to terminal T cell exhaustion.
http://dlvr.it/TS9vs8
17 days ago
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Murine MAIT cells: phenotypic markers, plasticity, and parallels to humans
#immunology
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Murine MAIT cells: phenotypic markers, plasticity, and parallels to humans
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are innate-like T cells that recognize microbial metabolites. Recent studies have suggested numerous markers to define MAIT cells with distinct functional characteristics. This review synthesizes available data to identify markers that distinguish type 1 and type 3 murine MAIT cells. Inflammation can alter the expression of these markers, reflecting the plasticity of MAIT cells, which is discussed further. Comparative analysis with human MAIT cells reveals that type 1 and type 3 subsets are not as apparent. Although these have been described as activation states, unique human MAIT cell subsets exist across various tissues. By establishing a consensus for how to categorize MAIT cells, this review facilitates future research on these important lymphocytes.
http://dlvr.it/TS9BRZ
18 days ago
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Local cues, local killers: human natural killer cells across tissues
#immunology
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Local cues, local killers: human natural killer cells across tissues
Natural killer (NK) cells are part of the innate immune system and reside in multiple tissues. During steady-state conditions, they contribute to tissue homeostasis, while in disease settings, tissue-resident (tr) NK cells are positioned at the frontline of immune surveillance. Due to their exposure to local microenvironments, NK cells residing outside the bloodstream exhibit phenotypic, transcriptional, functional, and metabolic features that distinguish them from their circulating counterparts. In this review, we outline the defining characteristics of tr NK cells, discuss their recirculation potential, and summarize their functional and metabolic specialization across human tissues. Finally, using cancer as an example, we highlight how tr NK cells are altered in disease and how local tissue environments shape their functional states.
http://dlvr.it/TS5plh
22 days ago
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Exploiting immunogenic cell death to promote antitumor immunity
#immunology
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Exploiting immunogenic cell death to promote antitumor immunity
Immunogenic cell death (ICD) converts the death of a tumor cell into an event sensed by the immune system. Recent studies show that distinct ICD modalities, including immunogenic apoptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis, and hybrid forms such as PANoptosis, release defined sets of danger signals and cytokines that reshape the immune composition of the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we examine how ICD activates antitumor immunity and which immune cell subsets drive these responses. We also discuss how the benefits of ICD rely on its acute and transient nature, whereas prolonged or chronic exposure to the same inflammatory cues can ultimately dampen immune activation and promote oncogenesis. Finally, we outline the role of ICD and its clinical relevance in combination with immunotherapies.
http://dlvr.it/TS4Ydk
23 days ago
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Skull channels as gateways for immune surveillance of the brain
#immunology
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Skull channels as gateways for immune surveillance of the brain
The central nervous system (CNS), once considered immune privileged, is, in fact, protected by a dynamic immune compartment located in the meninges. These immune cells are crucial for brain protection, controlling neuroinflammation, and also supporting neural function. Recent studies show that meningeal immune cells, including myeloid and B cells, partly originate from the skull bone marrow, which communicates directly with the meninges via specialized skull channels identified in mice and humans. These channels allow immune cell trafficking and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) exchange, positioning the skull marrow as a CSF-sensing niche. Therefore, understanding skullāmeningesābrain interactions reveals a functional connection between bone marrow and the CNS, offering new insights into neuroimmune regulation and potential therapeutic strategies in neuroinflammatory conditions.
http://dlvr.it/TRxrr4
about 1 month ago
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Immunoferroptosis: ferroptosis meets tumor immunity and immunotherapy
#immunology
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Immunoferroptosis: ferroptosis meets tumor immunity and immunotherapy
Ferroptosis, a regulated form of cell death driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, has attracted considerable attention in tumor biology and cancer therapy. Beyond its intrinsic role in tumor suppression, ferroptosis greatly influences the tumor immune microenvironment. Ferroptotic tumor cells release damage-associated molecular patterns, oxidized lipid mediators, and nucleic acids, which can either activate or suppress antitumor immunity. Conversely, immune cells modulate tumor cell sensitivity to ferroptosis through the secretion of cytokines and metabolites. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the interplay between ferroptosis and tumor immunity. Targeting ferroptosis may offer broad opportunities to enhance tumor immunotherapy.
http://dlvr.it/TRxZDB
about 1 month ago
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Trained immunity responses across infectious diseases and cancer vaccines
#immunology
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Trained immunity responses across infectious diseases and cancer vaccines
Trained immunity (TRIM), a paradigm-shifting concept in immunology, refers to the long-term functional reprogramming of innate immune cells, enabling enhanced responsiveness to secondary challenges through metabolic and epigenetic remodeling. This phenomenon bridges the gap between innate and adaptive immunity, offering novel strategies for vaccine design that transcend traditional antigen-specific approaches. By exploiting the āmemorylikeā properties of monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, and natural killer cells, next-generation vaccines aim to achieve broad-spectrum protection, prolonged durability, and heterologous immunity against pathogens and cancers. This review synthesizes recent advances in TRIM research in vaccines, focusing on its mechanisms, translational applications, and future directions in vaccinology.
http://dlvr.it/TRqvFf
about 1 month ago
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Targeting TLR2 agonists as immunomodulators with broad antiviral activity
#immunology
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Targeting TLR2 agonists as immunomodulators with broad antiviral activity
Toll-like receptor-2 (TLR2) serves as an innate immune sensor that recognizes specific viral proteins, thereby initiating signaling pathways that can either enhance antiviral host defenses or induce pathological inflammatory responses. In this forum, we discuss the role of TLR2 and its agonists in enhancing antiviral and vaccine-induced immune responses.
http://dlvr.it/TRpmT8
about 1 month ago
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THEMIS: new insights into its evolution, structure, and function
#immunology
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THEMIS: new insights into its evolution, structure, and function
THEMIS (thymocyte-expressed molecule involved in selection) is the founding member of a family of metazoan proteins distinguished by the presence of a novel structural element designated the cysteine-containing all-beta-in-THEMIS (CABIT) module. Several studies have confirmed a critical role for THEMIS in T cell antigen receptor (TCR) signaling during T cell development, and more recent work has shown an important role for THEMIS in peripheral T cells. However, the molecular function of THEMIS in the TCR signaling pathway has long remained controversial due to conflicting experimental results. In this review article, we summarize recent data that provide new insights into the structure, evolution, and broader roles of the CABIT module, as well as clarify the molecular mechanism by which THEMIS influences TCR and cytokine receptor signaling in developing and mature T cells.
http://dlvr.it/TRpRLk
about 1 month ago
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Endothelial cells modulate immune cell responses during atherosclerosis
#immunology
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Endothelial cells modulate immune cell responses during atherosclerosis
Endothelial cells (ECs), which form the monolayer lining the vasculature, serve as critical gatekeepers of vascular homeostasis. They actively coordinate immune cell recruitment, adhesion, migration, and activation. Through tightly controlled expression and secretion of chemokines, cytokines, adhesion molecules, and immunomodulatory proteins, ECs locally orchestrate immune responses. In atherosclerosis, ECs contribute to plaque formation, plaque instability, and local inflammation by facilitating immune cell activation and transmigration into the plaque. However, ECs are highly heterogeneous, with their phenotype and function influenced by vascular localization and disease stage. EC subpopulations are transcriptionally distinct and adopt to either proinflammatory or angiogenic phenotypes and differentially participate in immune modulation. This review discusses recent insights into the immunomodulatory functions of ECs in atherosclerosis and underscores the importance of EC heterogeneity in understanding endothelialāimmune cell interactions.
http://dlvr.it/TRnXcH
about 1 month ago
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Redefining nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors: from immune sentinels to multifunctional regulators
#immunology
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Redefining nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors: from immune sentinels to multifunctional regulators
Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) are a large family of intracellular pattern recognition receptors primarily involved in innate immunity. Although canonical inflammasome-forming NLRs, such as NLRP3 and NLRC4, and microbial sensors, including NOD1 and NOD2, are well-characterized, the functions of many other NLRs remain poorly understood. This review article addresses this gap by highlighting the critical, context-dependent roles of these less-characterized NLRs beyond pathogen sensing. We classify these NLRs as immune modulators, regulators of autophagy and mitophagy, tissue-specific effectors, and reproductive mediators, expanding the traditional view of NLR functions. Understanding the diverse, context-dependent roles of NLRs across biological systems is essential to fully understand their complex regulatory networks and therapeutic potential, which extends beyond classical inflammasome functions.
http://dlvr.it/TRlBB1
about 1 month ago
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Seven subsets, two fates: mouse γΓ T cells in cancer immunity
#immunology
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Seven subsets, two fates: mouse γΓ T cells in cancer immunity
The importance of γΓ T cells in cancer, as defenders against tumorigenesis, was established more than 2 decades ago. Since that time, research using mouse models of cancer has brought to light a nonuniform view of tumor-associated γΓ T cells by providing granularity into the role of individual γΓ T cell subsets in specific cancer types. In this review, we discuss data that highlight the unique contributions of Vγ1+, Vγ4+, Vγ5+, Vγ6+, and Vγ7+ cells throughout cancer progression. We delve into their responses to tumors, including both protective and pathogenic functions. We examine how the mechanisms by which these mouse immune cell subsets shape tumor development and spread can be exploited for therapeutic purposes in people with cancer.
http://dlvr.it/TRl3TJ
about 1 month ago
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Molecular determinants of NK cell memory
#immunology
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Molecular determinants of NK cell memory
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes uniquely equipped with stochastically expressed activating and inhibitory receptors that shape their cytotoxic potential. Although traditionally viewed as rapid and potent innate effectors against infected or transformed cells, we now appreciate that NK cells possess adaptive capabilities, such as antigen-specific clonal expansion and the generation of long-lived memory cells. The ability of NK cells to engage in innate and adaptive immune responses is tightly coordinated by a āthree-signalā framework that relies on the synergy between NK cell receptor engagement (signal 1), co-stimulation (signal 2), and cytokine-mediated signals (signal 3). This review focuses on knowledge gleaned from emerging molecular pathways aimed at modulating signals 1, 2, and 3 to reprogram NK cells for therapeutic utility.
http://dlvr.it/TRl3SK
about 1 month ago
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Charting the nerveāimmune axis in endometriosis
#immunology
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Charting the nerveāimmune axis in endometriosis
Endometriosis is increasingly recognized as a systemic disorder involving complex interactions between nerves and immune cells, driving chronic pain and inflammation beyond the initial theories. Recent breakthroughs highlight aberrant sensory nerve growth and dysfunctional immune responses as key events in lesion development and sustained pain. This review systematically examines the functional link between neuroimmune interplay and endometriosis, showing how reciprocal signaling between nerves and immune cells actively shapes epithelial and stromal behavior, amplifies inflammation, and reinforces pain circuitry. Recognizing this integrated neuroimmune framework reframes endometriosis as a disorder of distributed network dysregulation and highlights that targeting key neuroimmune nodes may offer new therapeutic opportunities to curb both lesion progression and endometriosis-related chronic pain.
http://dlvr.it/TRjrSN
about 1 month ago
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Diet-induced death: microbiome-mediated lipid stress reduces intestinal ILC3s
#immunology
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Diet-induced death: microbiome-mediated lipid stress reduces intestinal ILC3s
Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) promote gastrointestinal health, dynamically interface with diet and microbes, and become impaired during chronic inflammation or metabolic syndrome. Torrico and colleagues uncover a key pathway rapidly disrupting ILC3 homeostasis in the intestines of humans and mice following the consumption of a high-fat diet.
http://dlvr.it/TRhPXg
about 2 months ago
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reposted by
Trends in Immunology
Tamara Tilburgs
about 2 months ago
Thank you to the Editors and Trends in Immunology for putting together this wonderful special issue on maternalāfetal & early-life immunity! ā¤ļø
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reposted by
Trends in Immunology
Sing Sing Way
about 2 months ago
So nice to see a whole issue of
@cp-trendsimmuno.bsky.social
dedicated to the topic of perinatal and early life immunity, especially the great contribution by new people bringing new perspectives to this important but still grossly understudied developmental window
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reposted by
Trends in Immunology
Cell Press
about 2 months ago
Special Issue from @cp-trendsimmuno.bsky.social: Perinatal and early life immunity. Explore the full issue:
www.cell.com/issue/S1471-...
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The profound connection between mother & child reflects a dynamic immunological transformation that extends beyond gestation and early life. Explore how maternalāfetal immunity & early-life exposures shape long-term health outcomes in our new special issue.
www.cell.com/immunology/c...
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Current issue: Trends in Immunology
https://www.cell.com/immunology/current
about 2 months ago
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reposted by
Trends in Immunology
Yiquan Wang
about 2 months ago
Our review is online! It highlights practical AI tools, key methods, and curated resources (website:
yiquan2.com/AI-Immunolog...
) to empower experimentalists. We believe that the synergy between AI and experimental innovation will be a crucial catalyst for advancing the field of immunology.
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The translational potential of studying bat immunity
#immunology
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The translational potential of studying bat immunity
The author (A.T.I.) of this article would like to amend the following inadvertent error:
http://dlvr.it/TRbB39
about 2 months ago
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Postpandemic adjuvants to tailor vaccine-induced immunity
#immunology
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Postpandemic adjuvants to tailor vaccine-induced immunity
Adjuvants are critical to improving the magnitude, breadth, functionality, and durability of vaccine immunogenicity. Despite advances in vaccinology, long-term immunity, variant cross-protection, and robust mucosal responses remain unmet goals. These challenges underscore the need for novel, safe, and effective adjuvants. This review explores emerging adjuvants targeting specific immune pathways. We highlight clinical and preclinical studies focusing on adjuvants that enhance durable and persistent humoral, cellular, and mucosal immunity. Current trends are discussed alongside tailored approaches for children and the elderly. Finally, the aim of this review is to highlight novel vaccine adjuvants currently in preclinical and clinical development, with the potential to generate a vaccine platform fit for the necessary yet unmet needs of public health in a postpandemic era.
http://dlvr.it/TRbB1x
about 2 months ago
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The dual-adjuvant logic of mRNA vaccines
#immunology
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The dual-adjuvant logic of mRNA vaccines
Deciphering how mRNA vaccines generate humoral immunity could accelerate next-generation vaccine design. CastaƱo et al. reveal that mRNAālipid nanoparticle vaccines employ a dual-adjuvant mechanism: nucleoside-modified mRNA triggers type I interferons to mature dendritic cells, while lipid nanoparticles induce a pro-T follicular helper cell program, together promoting robust germinal center responses.
http://dlvr.it/TRZ4vN
about 2 months ago
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Experimental immunologists in the era of artificial intelligence
#immunology
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Experimental immunologists in the era of artificial intelligence
While artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming biological science, its full potential in immunology has yet to be realized due to limited data and the need for extensive experimental validation. This review provides a practical guide for experimental immunologists to actively contribute to AI development, with a focus on applications for B- and T-cell receptors. It not only gives an overview of common AI techniques in immunology but also highlights the important role of high-throughput experimental methodologies. Overall, we believe that the synergy between AI and experimental innovation will be a crucial catalyst for advancing the field of immunology.
http://dlvr.it/TRZ4t9
about 2 months ago
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Molecular mechanisms of type 2 innate immune sensing
#immunology
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Molecular mechanisms of type 2 innate immune sensing
Type 2 immunity protects against helminths and venoms, yet its dysregulation drives allergic diseases. Initiation occurs at barrier tissues, where epithelial cells detect perturbations and release alarmins, activating type 2 innate lymphoid cells and conditioning dendritic cells for T helper 2 priming. However, the framework of type 2 innate immune sensing remains largely incomplete. Critical gaps include the core immunostimulatory components of many stimuli and their host detection pathways. Recent advances, including tuft cell chemosensation, membrane pore formation as a common trigger, and the role of protein crystals and proteases in allergic inflammation, highlight emerging molecular principles. Unlike bacterial, viral, and fungal recognition via conserved molecular patterns, type 2 immunity often involves the sensing of perturbations and stress signals.
http://dlvr.it/TRYQzY
about 2 months ago
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Decoding the immuneātumor synapse for data-driven design of next-generation immunotherapies
#immunology
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Decoding the immuneātumor synapse for data-driven design of next-generation immunotherapies
The immunological synapse (IS) formed between cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocytes (CTLs) and tumor cells represents the critical interface where many immunotherapies act, including therapeutic antibodies and chimeric antigen receptor immunotherapy. However, detailed characterization of the CTLātumor IS has remained limited, primarily due to the transient and dynamic nature of this structure. Recent advances in proteomics, transcriptomics, high-throughput imaging, and machine learning are now enabling more precise investigation of this complex cellācell interaction. This review highlights how emerging technologies have advanced our understanding of the CTLātumor IS, outlines their potential to inform next-generation immunotherapies, and proposes future directions for technological innovation.
http://dlvr.it/TRYQzL
about 2 months ago
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KLHL6: a proteostatic guardian against T-cell exhaustion
#immunology
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KLHL6: a proteostatic guardian against T-cell exhaustion
Cheng et al.'s recent study identifies the Cullin3-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes (CRL3) adaptor protein Kelch-like protein 6 (KLHL6) as a proteostasis regulator whose downregulation in chronically stimulated T cells leads to the accumulation of thymocyte selection-associated high mobility group box protein and phosphoglycerate mutase family member 5, driving T-cell dysfunction. This work positions T-cell exhaustion as a proteostatic disorder and highlights KLHL6 as a promising target for cancer immunotherapy.
http://dlvr.it/TRY1JC
about 2 months ago
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The importance of long-lived IgE plasma cells for protracted allergies
#immunology
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The importance of long-lived IgE plasma cells for protracted allergies
IgE contributes to allergy, but its cellular sources are rare and hard to identify. Genetic fate mapping and single-cell sequencing approaches have now revealed that two cell populations maintain IgE: long-lived IgE plasma cells (PCs) and ātype 2ā memory B cells. This forum piece discusses recent discoveries on long-lived IgE PCs.
http://dlvr.it/TRXK91
about 2 months ago
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Barrier breakdown: insights into the skināgut axis in psoriatic arthritis
#immunology
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Barrier breakdown: insights into the skināgut axis in psoriatic arthritis
Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that primarily affects the skin, joints, and entheses. Growing evidence implicates alterations at the gut and skin barriers in PsA pathogenesis. These sites play a crucial role in tissue homeostasis, and their disruption can contribute to the translocation of immune cells and bacterial products, resulting in systemic inflammation. Crosstalk between barrier sites and joints can promote or exacerbate disease development, with barriers also being a potential target of disease. This review article provides a barrier-centered perspective across gut, skin, and synovium, with a specific focus on new concepts about intertissue communication involving immune and microbial mediators that can propagate inflammation in PsA.
http://dlvr.it/TRSCQc
about 2 months ago
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reposted by
Trends in Immunology
Barriers in Inflammation lab
3 months ago
š§ Excited to share our review in Trends in Immunology (
@cp-trendsimmuno.bsky.social
): āDecoding brain border immunity to enable future therapeutic avenues.ā by Lien Van Hoecke,
@lorevanacker.bsky.social
, and
@roosvdb.bsky.social
www.cell.com/trends/immun...
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Decoding brain border immunity to enable future therapeutic avenues
The brain is no longer viewed as immunologically isolated but as an organ surrounded by dynamic border compartments that coordinate surveillance, drainage, and communication with the periphery. Key in...
https://www.cell.com/trends/immunology/fulltext/S1471-4906(25)00315-1
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reposted by
Trends in Immunology
Cell Press
2 months ago
Lactation supports babies' immune health and reduces the risk of breast cancer for the mother.
spkl.io/63327Avl8f
Abigail Jaquish & Deepshika Ramanan
@cp-trendsimmuno.bsky.social
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Tumor-derived cystatin C enables amyloid clearance
#immunology
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Tumor-derived cystatin C enables amyloid clearance
Li et al. described a tumor-derived neuroimmune mechanism that promotes clearance of established amyloid pathology in Alzheimerās disease. Tumor-secreted cystatin C activates TREM2-dependent microglial phagocytosis, reducing plaques and improving cognition. This work introduces a context-dependent neuroimmune-modulatory strategy that shifts Alzheimerās therapy from broad immune activation toward substrate-coupled amyloid clearance.
http://dlvr.it/TRR4xJ
about 2 months ago
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Stealth designs to overcome allorejection in engineered cell therapy
#immunology
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Stealth designs to overcome allorejection in engineered cell therapy
The rapid development of allogeneic engineered therapeutic cells has intensified the challenge of host immune-mediated rejection. Advances in molecular immunology, genetic engineering, and induced pluripotent stem cellābased multigene editing have enabled the creation of āstealthā allogeneic cells designed to evade immune detection while maintaining function. Key strategies include the deletion of human leukocyte antigen class I and class II molecules to limit T cell recognition, the expression of natural killer (NK) cell inhibitory ligands to prevent NK cell-mediated killing, and the upregulation of CD47 to suppress phagocytosis. An expanding repertoire of immune-modulatory molecules, receptorāligand interactions, and experimental assays is refining these approaches. Together, stealth designs are accelerating the translation of allogeneic cell therapies toward more durable and broadly applicable clinical use.
http://dlvr.it/TRQhz6
about 2 months ago
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Integration of biochemical and physical cues by patrolling CD8+ T cells
#immunology
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Integration of biochemical and physical cues by patrolling CD8+ T cells
CD8+ T cell migration is central to host defense, enabling clonal selection, tissue infiltration, and elimination of infected cells. While chemokines guide these cells by activating Rac for F-actin polymerization, recent studies reveal a complementary mechanism through Rho activation. This pathway relies on tissue confinement, which deforms the nucleus, activates the actomyosin network, and allows CD8+ T cells to use physical cues for surveillance without external signals. In this review article, we explore how chemokine- and mechanosensing-dependent pathways guide CD8+ T cell surveillance and introduce a āfront-ā versus ārear-drivenā motility model to illustrate their integration for effective tissue monitoring. Ultimately, the interplay of biochemical and physical cues ensures tissue-specific protection by T cells during homeostasis and inflammation.
http://dlvr.it/TRLq43
2 months ago
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Weāre offering exclusive in-person 1:1 meetings with Cell Press editors for participants of @CellSymposia #CSImmuneHomeostasis26 in Shanghai, China (May 11ā13, 2026). Early bird registration ends today!
http://dlvr.it/TRKq2z
2 months ago
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Two models, one question: how does respiratory syncytial virus cause asthma?
#immunology
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Two models, one question: how does respiratory syncytial virus cause asthma?
De Leeuw et al. conducted human observational and murine studies to establish the combined role of parental aeroallergen sensitization and early-life respiratory syncytial virus infection in asthma development. The findings reveal synergistic effects driving immunological, pathological, and physiological changes resembling asthma, advancing the understanding of disease mechanisms and potential preventive targets.
http://dlvr.it/TRJjM9
2 months ago
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Secondary bile acids as immune and metabolic mediators
#immunology
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Secondary bile acids as immune and metabolic mediators
Bile acids are cholesterol derivatives, generated by the coordinated intervention of human and bacterial genes, functioning as endogenous ligands for multiple transcription factors and receptors throughout the body. While only two primary bile acids are generated by the human liver, the intestinal microbiota is the source of hundreds of secondary bile acids and microbially conjugated bile acids. Secondary bile acids regulate immune function throughout the body, promote the conversion of thyroid hormone, and regulate energy expenditure in muscle and adipose tissues, ultimately contributing to the beneficial effects of calorie restriction on human health and longevity. Here, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of secondary bile acids, the intestinal microbiota generating them, and their role in immune disorders.
http://dlvr.it/TRGmBC
2 months ago
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Decidual immune activation by extravillous trophoblasts drives maternal-fetal tolerance and immunity
#immunology
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Decidual immune activation by extravillous trophoblasts drives maternal-fetal tolerance and immunity
During pregnancy, complex interactions of maternal immune cells and fetal extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs) orchestrate placentation, immune tolerance, and immune defense. This forum article highlights important discoveries and outstanding questions on how the activation of decidual natural killer and T cells, through recognition of key EVT ligands, promotes placentation, tolerance, and immunity.
http://dlvr.it/TRDxjv
2 months ago
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Cytokine specificity in macrophages: JAK-STAT and beyond
#immunology
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Cytokine specificity in macrophages: JAK-STAT and beyond
Macrophages are key in maintaining tissue homeostasis and controlling inflammation. To rapidly adapt their phenotype, they rely on JAK-STAT signaling pathways to convert extracellular cytokine cues into transcriptional responses. Understanding how macrophages interpret disease-associated cytokine environments is therefore key for deciphering how inflammation is resolved or sustained.
http://dlvr.it/TRC2z8
2 months ago
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Got milk? how T cells shape lactation and beyond
#immunology
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Got milk? how T cells shape lactation and beyond
Lactation is increasingly recognized as an immune-regulated process. Immune cells shape mammary gland development, coordinate tissue remodeling, and aid in milk production with lasting consequences for maternal health. Here, we summarize recent advances on the roles and dynamics of T cells in the mammary gland during lactation and beyond.
http://dlvr.it/TR9pKZ
2 months ago
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Flt3L from interfollicular stroma maintains resident dendritic cells
#immunology
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Flt3L from interfollicular stroma maintains resident dendritic cells
Dendritic cell (DC) maintenance and positioning are essential for their function in lymph nodes. Wu et al. identify gremlin1 (Grem1)+ fibroblastic reticular cells as critical source of niche-specific Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L) for conventional DC maintenance in health and disease, highlighting stromal cells as key regulators of immunity.
http://dlvr.it/TQpj38
3 months ago
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Last chance to submit an abstract and be considered for a short talk @CellSymposia #CSImmuneHomeostasis26 taking place on May 11ā13, 2026 in Shanghai, China Submit here:
http://dlvr.it/TQWYrt
4 months ago
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Bruce Koppelman @cp-immunity.bsky.social speaks with Dr. Bing Su (Shanghai Jiao Tong University) about the vision behind @CellSymposia #CSImmuneHomeostasis26 taking place May 11ā13, 2026, Shanghai, China. Watch the interview:
http://dlvr.it/TQLQcK
4 months ago
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Decoding brain border immunity to enable future therapeutic avenues
#immunology
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Decoding brain border immunity to enable future therapeutic avenues
The brain is no longer viewed as immunologically isolated but as an organ surrounded by dynamic border compartments that coordinate surveillance, drainage, and communication with the periphery. Key interfaces ā including the meninges, bloodābrain barrier, choroid plexus (ChP), and skull bone marrow ā host specialized immune niches that regulate antigen sampling, leukocyte trafficking, and neuroimmune signaling. Recent advances in imaging and in single-cell and spatial profiling have revealed previously unrecognized cell types, migration routes, and barrier specializations that shape central nervous system (CNS) immunity in health and disease. Understanding how these border tissues sense, integrate, and modulate immune activity opens opportunities for therapeutically tuning neuroimmune responses at the brainās periphery while preserving parenchymal integrity.
http://dlvr.it/TQD3wz
4 months ago
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Resident T cells in the healthy and multiple sclerosis brain
#immunology
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Resident T cells in the healthy and multiple sclerosis brain
Insights into T-cell biology in the central nervous system (CNS) have evolved from early neuroinflammatory models demonstrating the pathogenic potential of autoreactive T cells to recent human studies defining resident T-cell populations in the healthy and diseased brain. We here discuss advances in postmortem brain tissue processing, flow cytometry, and transcriptional profiling revealing that human brain CD8+ and CD4+ T cells are tissue-resident memory T cells with distinct phenotypes shaped by CNS borders and parenchymal niches. These findings refine our understanding of CNS immune surveillance and provide a framework for dissecting T-cell contributions to multiple sclerosis.
http://dlvr.it/TQCdps
4 months ago
0
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