Protein language models can predict epistasis (non-additivity of multiple point mutations) if predictions are nonlinearly transformed first www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1...

Protein Language Models Capture Structural and Functional Epistasis in a Zero-Shot Setting https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2025.09.14.676130v1

We were wondering: Do protein language models learn epistatic signals during pretraining? Turns out, yes! Protein Language Models Capture Structural and Functional Epistasis in a Zero-Shot Setting www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1...