Well, this is rather wonderful! #IUIS2025

The human immune system evolved over millennia - and can adapt within a single lifetime. This review examines how the immune responses change over the life course. By Jessica Metcalf, Andrea Graham, Andrew Yates and Derek Cummings @science.org buff.ly/GJpPUO7

Tissue immunity meets biological sex differences - context is important in the immune system. Another of my reading recommendations during a trip to @iuis-online.bsky.social Congress. From Sonia Sharma, Alicia Gibbons and Erica Ollmann Saphire in @science.org buff.ly/XPN0Tpb

If you are looking for a great read during your journey to @iuis-online.bsky.social Congress, take a peek at this review from from Matthias Nahrendorf, Florent Ginhoux and @filswirski.bsky.social in @science.org that explores the role of immune cells beyond host defence. buff.ly/S5RkqTf

Anyone traveling to @iuis-online.bsky.social Congress and looking for something to read? Don't miss the reviews from our @science.org Evolving Immunity Special Issue! Here, Kassiotis and Stoye consider endogenous retroviruses and antiviral defences. buff.ly/IU4nbSE

Such a beautiful and intricate image! I was fascinated by the creative process for the cover, and loved getting a behind-the-scenes look at the work of artist Rioka Hayama and the Science Visuals team. Have you guessed all the features yet?

Not long to go - I'm looking forward to some fantastic immunology!

This week @science.org examines the wonders of the immune system! From molecular defences that co-evolved with pathogens to specialised cells that are intricately linked with physiology, the immune system is attuned to biological sex and different stages of life.

#Immunology out now @science.org After initial priming in the lymph nodes, mouse CD8 T cells undergo a second phase of stable interactions with dendritic cells that can preferentially stimulate those with a high-affinity for antigen. buff.ly/49bKcTG By Jobin, Seetharama, Rüttger et al.

#Immunology out now @science.org Regulatory T cells inhibit pain sensing in female, but not male, mice. buff.ly/SKtHnfK By Élora Midavaine, Sakeen Kashem et al.

ICYMI by First release - now in print @science.org Identification of APCs in the gut that promote Treg differentiation and how tolerance to food antigens is influenced by helminth infection. buff.ly/3DjNQ1e By @cicacanesso.bsky.social @danmucida.bsky.social @victora.bsky.social et al

#Immunology by First Release @science.org In mice, during immune responses accompanied by elevated self-antigens, autoreactive CD4 T cells must be restrained by regulatory CD4 T cells with the same antigen specificity to prevent autoimmunity. buff.ly/3EXaXQa

#Immunology out now @science.org Machine learning, using the sequences of an individual's B and T cell receptors, has the potential to diagnose immune-related diseases. https://buff.ly/3QvxSVf By Maxim Zaslavsky, Erin Craig, @anshulkundaje.bsky.social , @scottboydlab.bsky.social et al.

#Immunology out now @science.org In mice, the transcription factor KLF2 keeps activated CD8 T cells on track to differentiate into functional effector T cells. https://buff.ly/4hBmL8W By Eric Fagerberg, Nikhil Joshi @nikjoshilabyale.bsky.social et al

ICYMI by First Release - now officially in print @science.org Specific combinations of nutrients and metabolic enzymes determine T cell differentiation via loci-specific histone acetylations. https://buff.ly/4gvqKTz From Shixin Ma, Sue Kaech @tcellogic.bsky.social et al. #immunometabolism

Not long to go now! Don’t miss out on applying for the NOSTER & @science.org Microbiome Prize! Enter: buff.ly/4gS29ZH More details: ⤵️

This Perspective from Aaron Ver Heul puts the work of Andrew Liu, @danhkaplan.bsky.social et al into context. https://buff.ly/40Bp1G1 #Immunology @science.org

#Immunology out now @science.org Scratching in mice promotes pain-sensing neurons to release a neuropeptide that stimulated antigen-activated mast cells to degranulate and produce inflammatory mediators. https://buff.ly/4hDAgF2 From Andrew Liu, @danhkaplan.bsky.social et al

ICYMI by First Release - now officially in print @science.org Plasma cells producing high-affinity antibodies dominate the plasma cell population through increased proliferation. https://buff.ly/3BzpLmL By Andrew MacLean, Michel Nussenzweig et al. #Immunology

#Immunology out now @science.org ILC2s contribute to glucose homeostasis. Neurons that innervate the gut from areas of the brain associated with glucose sensing can stimulate ILC2s in the gut to relocate to the pancreas upon fasting. https://buff.ly/42iBst0

If you're doing innovative research about #microbiota and received an MD &/or PhD in last 10 years don’t miss out on applying for the NOSTER & @science.org Microbiome Prize! Grand Prize: $25K & your essay published in Science Magazine Deadline: Feb 14th Enter: https://buff.ly/4gS29ZH

#Immunology by first release now @science.org Plasma cells producing high-affinity antibodies dominate the plasma cell population through increased proliferation. https://buff.ly/3BzpLmL By Andrew MacLean, Michel Nussenzweig et al.

#Immunology by First release now @science.org Identification of APCs in the gut that promote Treg differentiation and how tolerance to food antigens is influenced by helminth infection https://buff.ly/3DjNQ1e By Maria Canesso, @danmucida.bsky.social , @victora.bsky.social and colleagues.

#Immunology out now @science.org An unstructured region within MAVS interacts with cellular, rather than viral, RNA. This alters how MAVS interacts with other proteins and influences antiviral responses. https://buff.ly/4grnf18 By @nandangokhale.bsky.social with @ramlabuw.bsky.social et al.

#Immunology out now @science.org Biased antibody responses to influenza strains in vaccines are strongly linked to genetics. Coupling antigens from different strains together may broaden antibody responses. https://buff.ly/4flV5TK By Vamsee Mallajosyula, Mark Davis et al.

I am excited to say, we have not one but FOUR #Immunology Research Articles out this week @science.org! Individual posts to follow!

From Feb '24: A treatment combining a soluble IL-15 superagonist with broadly neutralizing antibodies against the HIV-1 envelope protein induced long-term viral control in rhesus macaques infected with SIV-HIV. https://buff.ly/3ZZdYY4 #Immunology #HIV @science.org

From Sept '24: Computational approaches identified a localized flexible region within the F protein of RSV that could be mutated to keep the protein in the prefusion state when used as a vaccine antigen. https://buff.ly/4gAS8zy #Immunology #Vaccines @science.org

From March '24: Investigation of variants in the pre-T cell receptor α (PTCRA) chain in humans. https://buff.ly/3ZGq2wf A collaboration, including Rik Schrijvers,@sarahhenrickson.bsky.social, Jean-Laurent Casanova and Vivien #Immunology @science.org

From Sept '24: Analyses of immune cells from patients with variants in the GNAI2 gene provide insights in to T cell signaling and the mechanisms underpinning contradictory clinical phenotypes. https://buff.ly/3ZNaAhY #Immunology #Tcells @science.org

From Sept '24: In response TCR stimulation, the RNA binding protein TRA2β promotes mRNA splicing events, in its own mRNA and other transcripts, to augment T cell effector function. https://buff.ly/3ZDfY75 #Immunology #Tcells @science.org

Out this week @science.org by first release: Specific combinations of nutrients and metabolic enzymes determine T cell differentiation via loci-specific histone acetylations. https://buff.ly/4gvqKTz From Shixin Ma, Sue Kaech @tcellogic.bsky.social and colleagues #Immunology #immunometabolism

In Nov '24: Nucleic acid sensing pathways triggered by transcription of genetic elements known as retrotransposons promote hematopoiesis and erythropoiesis during pregnancy in mice. https://buff.ly/3ZPksJh From @seanjmorrison.bsky.social and colleagues #hematopoesis @science.org

From Sept '24: Signals arising from innate RNA-sensing pathways prevent hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from being engulfed by macrophages, helping to promote clonal diversity in adult zebrafish. https://buff.ly/4ffwK23 #HSPCs @science.org

In August '24: A pool of hematopoietic stem cells, confined to the bone marrow, acquire proteins from macrophages via a process of cell-cell membrane transfer known as trogocytosis. https://buff.ly/4gbg64J #HSCs @science.org

So far, I've shared research from 2024 @science.org about mature #immune cells. But today, a look back at findings about hematopoietic stem and precursor cells from our pages. #HSC #HSPC

This Perspective from Nov '24 by Miranda Green and Jane Foster puts the work from @annamolofskylab.bsky.social & @arimolofskylab.bsky.social & colleagues @science.org in the bigger picture of our growing understanding of meningeal immunity. https://buff.ly/3OLThsq #Neuroimmunology

This Perspective by Nathalie Vergnolle highlights the work of Yangyang Zhu, Kim Meerschaert, Isaac Chiu et al. in @science.org in Aug '24, and the broader importance of crosstalk between neurons and immune cells in the gut. https://buff.ly/4gvnHLa #Neuroimmunology

In Nov '24: ILC2s promoted formation of inhibitory synapses during a period of postnatal brain development in mice. This influenced social behaviour in the adult mice. https://buff.ly/49yODYd From @annamolofskylab.bsky.social and @arimolofskylab.bsky.social et al #Neuroimmunology @science.org

Today some #Neurommunology! From August '24: In mice, pain sensory neurons that innervate the gut directly communicate with Tregs in the tissue via CGRP. https://buff.ly/49yi6l8 #Neurommunology @science.org

In May '24: A viral transcription factor from Epstein-Barr virus can hack B cells to initiate metabolic changes. Blocking flux through the pathway prior to infection hinders B cell transformation. https://buff.ly/4ikFPJn #Immunometabolism @science.org

From June '24: The transcription factor Mef2d augments type 2 immune responses during allergic lung inflammation, regulating differentiation of Th2 and ILC2 cells. https://buff.ly/3BdtFkS Work from @aydanszeto.bsky.social et al. #Immunology #ILC2s @science.org

Keeping on the T cell theme! From June '24: At the moment of T cell activation, the presence, or lack, of nuclear envelope invaginations, which gather organelles, influences effector and memory fate decisions. https://buff.ly/3ZzruBG #Immunology #Tcells @science.org

New in Science Magazine this week: two research articles and a Perspective describing synthetic biology gene circuitry for bespoke cellular function - in this case applied to T cells! Research: buff.ly/41pkAAb buff.ly/41gMxu0 Perspective buff.ly/3ZFUUy8 @science.org

Great #immunology at #ScienceTranslationalMedicine this week! ⬇️

This Perspective puts findings about androgens, ILC2s and dendritic cells in the skin into the broader context of differences in immunity between sexes. https://buff.ly/41gMQoI #Immunology #ILC2s #DendriticCells @science.org

From April '24: Differences in the density of immune cells in the skin of male and female mice was linked to male sex hormones called androgens acting on ILC2s. https://buff.ly/49mbLZZ #Immunology #ILC2s #Immunology #ILC2s #DendriticCells @science.org

Finally (for today) from Feb '24: The lipid globotriaosylceramide (Gb3), also known as CD77 and a marker of germinal center #BCells, augments antibody-mediated immunity and may have potential as a vaccine adjuvant. https://buff.ly/3UIgu2G #Immunology #Bcells @science.org

Also from Jan '24: the transcription factor ZEB2 drives the formation and function of age-associated B cells in mice and humans and contributes to autoimmune disorders. https://buff.ly/4ikiZS9 Work from @carovinuesa.bsky.social, Nan Shen and colleagues #Immunology #Bcells @science.org

From Jan '24: tRNA wobble helps plasma cells to meet the protein synthesis demands required for antibody production. https://buff.ly/3ZEttos And accompanying Perspective: https://buff.ly/3ZzHYcR #Immunology #Bcells @science.org