A new U.S. deep-sea mining application tests the limits of the UNCLOS system. This intervention explores how activities outside the ISA framework signal growing strain on multilateral governance of the Area. cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/anothe...

The case of The Gambia v. Myanmar before the ICJ represents a landmark opportunity for the doctrine of jus cogens. Yet the proceedings largely overlook genocide as a serious breach of a peremptory norm and its consequences under State responsibility. cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/the-ga...

The torpedoing of IRIS Dena ~40nm off Sri Lanka is a stark reminder: naval hostilities may occur within the 200nm EEZ, making spillover into neutral EEZs a foreseeable reality. Is it time for Southeast Asia to voice its position? cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/armed-...

The WTO Belongs to the Future — But How Do We Get There? 🌐From climate to AI, modern trade is outpacing its rules. Prof Gabrielle Marceau & Jian Ling Teo explore alternative rulemaking paths to address the WTO consensus deadlock. Read here cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/the-wo...

Ahead of its 31st session, issues on equitable benefit sharing remain on the table for the International Seabed Authority. This post reviews mechanisms under Arts. 82 and 140(2) of UNCLOS, exploring how they can achieve equity as distributive justice. cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/the-is...

In this commentary, Alexandra Hofer argues that the US’s kidnapping of Venezuela’s and the weak responses from ‘the West’ expose how international law often masks power politics, now brought out in the open under President Trump. cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/what-t...

From unlawful force to credible threats, the line is thinning fast. Greenland and Taiwan expose how security talk and inevitability hollow out Article 2(4). International law was meant to stop this before force is used. cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/threat...

International law did not emerge from a single centre. This blog proposes a Silk Road methodology that rethinks international law as a product of transregional connectivity, cross-civilisational interaction, and long-term Eurasian legal histories. cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/intern...

Imperialism, Sovereignty & the Making of International Law at 20 | This symposium not only celebrates the 20th anniversary of ISMIL but builds on its indispensable insights to understand the current historical moment as a particular combination of continuity & rupture. cil.nus.edu.sg/blog/symposi...

In this commentary, Liu Yulu discusses the development from UNEA resolution 5/14 to the current challenges hindering the adoption of a global plastic treaty, and what states can do to cross the finish line. cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/from-n...

Joel Ong’s CIL blog examines gaps in IMO liability conventions for spills of emerging alternative fuels (e.g., methanol, ammonia) and sets out reform options and pathways forward. Read cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/fillin...

In the second instalment of this series, Miguel Jaime Encarnacion discusses the enhancements made to the e-commerce chapter of the AANZFTA. cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/the-aa...

In this blog post, Dr. Hazrati explains the implications of the ICJ’s advisory opinion on the energy transition, fossil fuel phase-out, and just transition, as well as its potential impacts on COP talks and global climate action. cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/the-ic...

The ICJ's advisory opinion on climate change is a significant expansion in the law of standing for the enforcement of obligations erga omnes. This post by Priya Urs explains how, while also identifying deficiencies in the Court's reasoning. cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/open-t...

Critical legal scholar 𝗔𝗻𝘁𝗼𝗻𝘆 𝗔𝗻𝗴𝗵𝗶𝗲 offers a sharp, insightful commentary on the @CIL Peace and International Law Symposium, engaging deeply with its contributions and challenging dominant narratives on peace, justice, and the global legal order. cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/commen...

7 Breakthrough Insights from the Inter-American Court’s Climate Advisory Opinion. Dr. Mohammad Hazrati explores how this historic opinion advances climate justice and human rights through bold legal innovations. cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/seven-...

Having witnessed war’s horrors, Tommy Koh champions that international law can promote peace. From UNCLOS to the Paris Agreement and the Indus Waters Treaty, law has helped resolve disputes and end conflicts—proof that peace and law go hand in hand. cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/a-mess...

This article examines the AANZFTA’s Second Protocol from two perspectives: integrating modern trade practices and their impact on business utilization. cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/the-aa...

Peace through the ASEAN Way of diplomacy, consensus, and non-interference has promoted regional stability and cooperation in ASEAN, and managed interstate disputes while respecting sovereignty. However, internal conflicts remain challenging to address. cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/the-as...

The EU’s integration, rooted in post-WWII peacebuilding, limits state sovereignty through economic and legal cooperation. This unique supranational model replaces war with lasting peace by uniting diverse nations into a “federalism without federation.” cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/for-a-...

This post analyses the role regional human rights courts play as peacemakers and peacekeepers. Regional tribunals might help establish the conditions for a peaceful society, restoration of peace, and prevent further internal/international conflicts. cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/region...

This blog post explores the history and function of the PCA and the ICJ, two institutions designed to promote peace through law. Preventing war, judging war? The post examines this tension in the role and practice of these courts. cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/peace-...

This post proposes that Article 39 of the UN Charter should be re-read along with Article 24(1) in the language of peace for the UNSC to carry out its ‘primary’ responsibility for maintaining international peace and security effectively. cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/re-rea...

Provisional measures requests at the ICJ can stabilize conflicts by preserving rights and diplomacy, but risk politicising disputes, legal uncertainty, and overburdening the Court. Clearer rules and coordination could enhance their peacebuilding role. cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/multip...

International law recognizes non-State armed groups in peace deals, but lasting peace needs wider inclusion of diverse non-State actors. Engaging broader communities boosts legitimacy and public support, making peace processes more durable and effective. cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/the-ar...

Women’s participation in peace processes through instruments like CEDAW and UNSC Resolution 1325 suffer from weak enforcement and elite-driven negotiations which limit impact. Stronger legal obligations + accountability would ensure meaningful inclusion cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/what-r...

Quantum computing poses risks to global digital peace. Urgent international cooperation is needed to create legal norms, adopt quantum-resistant cybersecurity standards, and establish treaties to ensure secure, stable cyberspace. cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/seekin...

The right to peace is being often interpreted as a proclamation rather than a human right. Elena Pribytkova argues for urgent measures to advance the right to peace as a universal, high-priority, claimable, and enforceable legal entitlement. cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/the-ri...

UNCLOS transformed centuries of ocean conflict into cooperation, offering a global legal framework rooted in equity and peace. Born of decolonization and Cold War compromise, it remains a testament to multilateralism and a cornerstone of oceanic order. cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/unclos...

Rashmi Raman and Samuel White challenge traditional conflict-peace notions by highlighting Asian traditions that see peace as dynamic, ethical, and relational to conflict, and offers a nuanced, non-binary approach to peace and conflict. cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/asias-...

This symposium reframes international law through the lens of peace. In this introduction, Nilüfer Oral and Rashmi Raman launch the CIL-NUS Peace Project to centre peace as the foundation of the international rule of law cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/rememb...

The Metals Company's recent deep-seabed mining attempt in the international seabed via US law bypasses enforcement action at the international level and exposes regulatory gaps. This post scrutinises the role of national laws in protecting the deep seabed. cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/bridgi...

In March 2025, President Donald Trump suggested for the US to take ownership over Ukraine's Zaporozhia Nuclear Power Plant. This blog argues that such an ownership arrangement will have significant implications for nuclear liability. cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/the-za...

Trump’s bid to claim Greenland signals a shift from diplomacy to coercion—testing the limits of international law. How far can pressure go before sovereignty is compromised? Read Janakan Muthukumar’s new analysis: Coercion without Invasion. cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/coerci...

The OTP’s cyber policy is crucial for the prosecution of cyber-enabled war crimes. This post examines some remaining obstacles that will need to be overcome to ensure its effectiveness, including those related to partnerships with private companies. cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/the-ot...

This blog post explains how the ICC's Draft Policy on Cyber-Enabled Crimes would benefit from further guidance on how the Court will grapple with AI's impact on satisfying the elements of criminal responsibility, particularly that of mens rea. cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/the-be...

This post examines issues of jurisdiction raised by the ICC OTP's new Draft Policy on Cyber-Enabled Crimes, highlighting in particular how its authors have situated the concept of cyber-enabled crimes within the framework of the Rome Statute. cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/jurisd...

This post reflects on the ICC OTP’s Draft Policy on Cyber-Enabled Crimes under the Rome Statute compared with views expressed by States in ongoing UN discussions, focusing on the area of the prohibition of the use of force in cyberspace. cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/cyber-...

Priya Urs introduces the symposium's contributions, each demonstrating in different ways the tension between the need to respond to changing technology and the need for careful consideration of specific challenges posed to applying existing laws. cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/introd...

CIL Dialogues | The Road to a Conference of Plenipotentiaries on Prevention and Punishment of Crimes Against Humanity by Ana Paula Lavalle Arroyo and Sergio E. Delgado Fernández cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/the-ro...

CIL Dialogues | Breaking the impasse: towards a new convention to prevent and punish Crimes against humanity by Pablo Arrocha Olabuenaga and Natalia Jiménez Alegría cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/breaki...

@rosselle.bsky.social Rodrigo Duterte’s arrest for crimes against humanity evokes the Philippines’ historically ambivalent stance toward international criminal justice. Amid sovereignty claims, affected communities see the ICC as one possible avenue for accountability. cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/dutert...

CIL Dialogues | The Prospect of a Fragmented Legal Regime of Mining of Seabed Mineral Resources in the Exclusive Economic Zone by Digvijay Rewatkar cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/the-pr...

CIL Dialogues | Sudan v. United Arab Emirates: Short-lived but Meaningful? - by Juliette McIntyre cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/sudan-...

CIL Dialogues | May the United States Unilaterally Conduct or Regulate Activities in the Area According to International Law? - by Eduardo Cavalcanti de Mello Filho cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/may-th...

This blog post takes a regime interaction approach to analysing the lack of provisions on fisheries in the new BBNJ Treaty. It explores the different regime-based narratives of international fisheries law and international biodiversity law. cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/intern...

Lucía Solano, legal adviser at the Permanent Mission of Colombia to the UN, shares her experience as a direct participant of the UNGA's recent adoption of a Resolution delineating the Convention on the Protection of Persons in the Event of Disasters. cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/the-un...

This article examines how the principle of non-recognition evolves beyond serious breaches of peremptory norms, analyzing its possible application to unconstitutional changes of government through ASEAN's response to Myanmar's 2021 military coup. cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/non-re...

Timor-Leste aims to join ASEAN as its eleventh member. Despite active participation and a roadmap targeting full membership by 2025, challenges persist due to the absence of formal admission procedures and complex legal accession requirements. cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/timor-...

The ECtHR made an important determination regarding a State's positive obligations regarding "ongoing diffuse pollution" under the ECHR. However, some aspects of the Court's reasoning and methodology must be critically appraised. @helene-tigroudja.bsky.social discusses cil.nus.edu.sg/blogs/massiv...