loading . . . Lead immobilization for perovskite solar cells and modules under thermal cycling In this study, a low-cost, flexible lead adsorption film, PGP, with a high SQE after prolonged thermal cycling was developed. The film was applicable to both rigid and flexible devices and modules, as well as to perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells. Moreover, the film had no negative effect on the performance and stability of the PSCs and modules. Consequently, this study delivers a viable solution for PSCs susceptible to lead leakage under practical temperature fluctuations, significantly advancing their commercial prospects. http://dlvr.it/TRnMxb