A 25-year-old female patient reported noticing a lesion in the left maxillary region 8 years prior and presented with an enlarged left-sided facial mass. 📝 What is your diagnosis?

Pembrolizumab combined with quad-shot radiotherapy was feasible and achieved a 47% response rate in patients with recurrent or metastatic #HeadAndNeckCancer, warranting further randomized trials. ja.ma/4xyOYG9

Machine learning models in #TongueCancer surgery provided individualized prediction of major 30-day complications, including bleeding, surgical site infection, and pneumonia, with performance comparable to ACS-NSQIP. ja.ma/4eQu3H4

Machine learning–generated #SyntheticCT from temporal bone #MRI enabled visualization of bony structures without radiation and was rated suitable for localization and preoperative planning in many otologic applications. ja.ma/4ewwWLE

In a qualitative study of rural cancer clinics, patients, caregivers, and providers identified communication, care coordination, dental access, transportation, and emotional burden as barriers to timely postoperative radiotherapy for #HeadAndNeckCancer. ja.ma/4fWEaLF

Among healthy older adults enrolled in the ASPREE trial, low-dose aspirin had no clinically meaningful effect on central auditory processing or functional hearing outcomes. ja.ma/43o7F1n

Among patients aged 16 to 65 years with recurrent or chronic tonsillitis, recovery time did not differ significantly between intracapsular and extracapsular tonsillectomy. ja.ma/4a486l5

"As Editor in Chief, I am proud to publish the randomized clinical trial by Wu et al—my pick for the best clinical trial published in JAMA Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery last year." Learn more in this Editor's Note. ja.ma/4dY8dB6

A 41-year-old male presented with a 3-month history of recurrent sore throat, intermittent fever, and yellow, purulent sputum. What is your diagnosis? ja.ma/4emPLkI

Paul Bryson, MD, MBA, Amal Isaiah, MD, PhD, MBA, and Matthew Shew, MD, MSCI, discuss the promise and challenges of implementing artificial intelligence in the specialty. 🎧 Listen now: ja.ma/3QhuEYY

A 58-year-old woman presented with a 2-day history of sore throat and progressive right-side pharyngeal discomfort. Endoscopic examination revealed a smooth submucosal mass in the right peritonsillar region with visible pulsation. What is your diagnosis? ja.ma/4uy20AQ

A 63-year-old man presented with an indurated submucosal lesion with overlying taut, blanched mucosa and surrounding erythema on the posterior ventral aspect of the right side of the tongue. What is your diagnosis? ja.ma/4xlAaKI

Among children with cleft palate repaired before age 15 months, later surgical timing was associated with modest increases in passive cleft speech characteristics at age 36 months. ja.ma/4okmrjl

Exposure to traffic-related #NO2, benzene, and lead was associated w/ higher risk of chronic rhinosinusitis (#CRS) and distinct sinonasal cytokine profiles, with NO2 linked to type 2 inflammation and benzene/lead to innate and neutrophilic immune markers. ja.ma/4oc8kwo

A 41-year-old male presented with a 3-month history of recurrent sore throat, intermittent fever, and yellow, purulent sputum. What is your diagnosis? ja.ma/49JXPul

In a nationwide study of patients with #CRSwNP, cumulative oral corticosteroid exposure above 90 days or 1.0 g annually was associated with greater risk of systemic adverse events, particularly bone, infection, and cardiometabolic complications. ja.ma/4ajfkSj

A 20-year-old male presented with a 5-month history of large, painful, multifocal oral ulcers involving the vermillion of the right upper lip and the upper-right labial vestibule. What is your diagnosis? ja.ma/4dQTxnj

In patients with #HNC, greater neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation was associated with lower #cancer-specific quality of life before starting treatment, especially for eating and swallowing symptoms. ja.ma/4obh0Dg

In a nationwide study of patients with #CRSwNP, cumulative oral corticosteroid exposure above 90 days or 1.0 g annually was associated with greater risk of systemic adverse events, particularly bone, infection, and cardiometabolic complications. ja.ma/3S1hekc

Expert consensus recommendations for sinonasal mass assessment include avoiding complete excision without diagnosis, using advanced imaging for suspected malignancy or extension, and centralizing care at high-volume centers. ja.ma/437mDbP

Exposure to traffic-related #NO2, benzene, and lead was associated w/ higher risk of chronic rhinosinusitis (#CRS) and distinct sinonasal cytokine profiles, with NO2 linked to type 2 inflammation and benzene/lead to innate and neutrophilic immune markers. ja.ma/4xjE2vZ

In cognitively normal older adults, poorer speech-in-noise ability was associated with faster cortical thinning in speech-processing networks, suggesting value in central auditory assessment for early risk detection. ja.ma/4nXwQky

In patients with #HPV-associated #OropharyngealCancer, definitive treatment with deintensified 60‑Gy #Radiotherapy, with or without chemotherapy, was associated with low long-term locoregional recurrence and favorable survival outcomes. ja.ma/4wOEZMo

Hypoglossal nerve stimulation therapy for #ObstructiveSleepApnea significantly reduced hypoxic burden, with improvements in sleepiness associated with HB reduction—independent of AHI changes. ja.ma/4uvbnCf

The adaptive SNOT instrument for #ChronicRhinosinusitis demonstrated internal consistency, reliability, and responsiveness, distinguishing patients by sinus CT findings and correlating with global health scores. ja.ma/3PGvWMP

Baran Sumer, MD, and Lauren Gabra, MD, join Paul Bryson, MD, to discuss how body mass index and nutritional status influence response to PD-1 and CTLA-4 inhibitors across a diverse national database. ja.ma/42MHnWe

Hypoglossal nerve stimulation therapy for #ObstructiveSleepApnea significantly reduced hypoxic burden, with improvements in sleepiness associated with HB reduction—independent of AHI changes. ja.ma/4tTTiN4

P85-Ab testing showed ≥92% sensitivity and ≥98% specificity for early-stage #Nasopharyngeal #Carcinoma, outperforming EBV antibody scores and matching circulating EBV DNA accuracy. ja.ma/4uirhj6

The adaptive SNOT instrument for #ChronicRhinosinusitis demonstrated internal consistency, reliability, and responsiveness, distinguishing patients by sinus CT findings and correlating with global health scores. ja.ma/4dj9JMo

The adaptive SNOT instrument for #ChronicRhinosinusitis demonstrated association with imaging results, unlike static SNOT-22, and distinguished between rhinosinusitis and allergic rhinitis. ja.ma/4deU3eD

In patients with #HPV-associated #OropharyngealCancer, definitive treatment with deintensified 60‑Gy #Radiotherapy, with or without chemotherapy, was associated with low long-term locoregional recurrence and favorable survival outcomes. ja.ma/48UfnDC

A male patient in his 60s with a foreign-body sensation in the throat was treated for acute epiglottitis, but supraglottic swelling persisted. What is your diagnosis? ja.ma/4ulv8eK

Routine postdissection V2 stimulation during thyroidectomy improved detection of nerve injury risk and may prevent bilateral vocal cord palsy compared to selective or R2-only monitoring. ja.ma/4t6djPV

RCT: A digital therapeutic app reduced tinnitus handicap, anxiety, and sleep disturbance for adults with chronic #Tinnitus, showing lasting benefits beyond treatment. ja.ma/4d0yk8L

"As Editor in Chief, I am proud to publish the randomized clinical trial by Wu et al—my pick for the best clinical trial published in JAMA Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery last year." Learn more in this Editor's Note by Jay F. Piccirillo, MD: ja.ma/4uoAjuE

Otolaryngology surgeons showed high intraoperative ergonomic risk and acute pain, with increased risk linked to procedure difficulty, glove size, and age ≥40 years. ja.ma/4d04ilp

This case report describes a woman in her 50s with a 4-month history of oral ulcers and a previous diagnosis of mononucleosis. ja.ma/4upW5OF

A 75-year-old male with a history of chronic rhinosinusitis and prior sinus surgery presented with symptoms of persistent nasal congestion, drainage, and ocular irritation with blurred vision and discharge. What is your diagnosis? ja.ma/3QYBq5H

Scoping review: Validated #SDoH tools for #HeadAndNeckCancer mostly assess economic stability, with limited measurement of social context, health care access, or environment. ja.ma/48F7wcW

Otolaryngology surgeons showed high intraoperative ergonomic risk and acute pain, with increased risk linked to procedure difficulty, glove size, and age ≥40 years. ja.ma/496Txg0

Among survivors of #OropharyngealCancer, higher MD Anderson Symptom Inventory–Head and Neck symptom scores were associated with later risk of #HypoglossalNeuropathy, supporting early patient-reported symptom surveillance. ja.ma/4cyuu7P

Among women reporting 1 or more sugar sweetened beverages daily, risk of oral cavity cancer was higher compared with minimal intake, including among those who were nonsmokers or light smokers and nondrinkers or light drinkers. Read the full article: ja.ma/4e823Pm

In patients with #HPV-associated #OropharyngealCancer, definitive treatment with deintensified 60‑Gy #Radiotherapy, with or without chemotherapy, was associated with low long-term locoregional recurrence and favorable survival outcomes. ja.ma/4vDdiWa

Among survivors of #OropharyngealCancer, higher MD Anderson Symptom Inventory–Head and Neck symptom scores were associated with later risk of #HypoglossalNeuropathy, supporting early patient-reported symptom surveillance. ja.ma/48kSyIP

As #AI and digital tools lower barriers to entry, early-stage research in otolaryngology increasingly relies on nonfederal funding to catalyze innovation. Listen to this interview with Matthew Crowson, MD, MPA, MASc, MBI, hosted by Paul Bryson, MD MBA. ja.ma/4sRAlKp

This JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery Patient Page describes what to expect with skin cancer reconstruction. ja.ma/4mGwu14

Narrative review: Large language models (#LLMs) can structure clinical notes, automate phenotyping, and augment decision support in otolaryngology but require validation beyond feasibility and secure, open-source deployment. ja.ma/4vhrdkA

Radiomics is a field that establishes associations between quantifiable imaging biomarkers and histopathological characteristics or clinical outcomes. Learn more in this Review: ja.ma/4dT5vgA

Machine learning–generated #SyntheticCT from temporal bone #MRI enabled visualization of bony structures without radiation and was rated suitable for localization and preoperative planning in many otologic applications. ja.ma/4evOHMT

In pediatric vocal fold immobility after cardiothoracic surgery, standardized protocols and injection laryngoplasty were associated with more frequent oral diet advancement at discharge. ja.ma/4vEriyU