This JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery Patient Page describes what to expect with skin cancer reconstruction. ja.ma/4mGwu14

Narrative review: Large language models (#LLMs) can structure clinical notes, automate phenotyping, and augment decision support in otolaryngology but require validation beyond feasibility and secure, open-source deployment. ja.ma/4vhrdkA

Radiomics is a field that establishes associations between quantifiable imaging biomarkers and histopathological characteristics or clinical outcomes. Learn more in this Review: ja.ma/4dT5vgA

Machine learning–generated #SyntheticCT from temporal bone #MRI enabled visualization of bony structures without radiation and was rated suitable for localization and preoperative planning in many otologic applications. ja.ma/4evOHMT

In pediatric vocal fold immobility after cardiothoracic surgery, standardized protocols and injection laryngoplasty were associated with more frequent oral diet advancement at discharge. ja.ma/4vEriyU

In a qualitative study of rural cancer clinics, patients, caregivers, and providers identified communication, care coordination, dental access, transportation, and emotional burden as barriers to timely postoperative radiotherapy for #HeadAndNeckCancer. ja.ma/485lLaK

Systematic review and meta-analysis: Thyroid lobectomy provided oncologic outcomes comparable to total thyroidectomy for select patients with sporadic medullary thyroid cancer. ja.ma/4tT71UD

In adults with #XLinkedHypophosphatemia, complete loss of #PHEX function in hemizygous males was strongly associated with bilateral #MeniereDisease and endolymphatic sac hypoplasia, supporting a gene‑dosage threshold model for disease risk. ja.ma/4mwcoqm

Internet-based cognitive behavior therapy (#ICBT) for patients with tinnitus demonstrated sustained reductions in tinnitus distress over a 6-year follow-up period in a nonrandomized clinical trial. ja.ma/4v1Hfiv

Among adults undergoing total thyroidectomy, selective calcium and calcitriol supplementation triggered by low postoperative #PTH was not superior to routine supplementation for preventing symptomatic or biochemical hypocalcemia. ja.ma/4sn6SHM

In a cohort study of patients undergoing #TransoralRoboticSurgery, subjective swallowing worsened at 6 weeks for many patients, but objective studies showed preserved function and most were tolerating a soft to regular diet. ja.ma/48LeVHp

Among patients with head and neck cancer younger than 65 years, immunotherapy prescriptions increased only marginally from 2017 to 2022, with pembrolizumab dominating the prescribing market. ja.ma/4sqej15

Among patients with recurrent/metastatic adenoid cystic carcinoma, amivantamab provided disease stabilization in most cases, although objective tumor responses were rare. ja.ma/4crMMGz

Among patients aged 16 to 65 years with recurrent or chronic tonsillitis, recovery time did not differ significantly between intracapsular and extracapsular tonsillectomy. ja.ma/4emHFKd

A unified #SGC staging system using LN count and extranodal extension improves prognostic accuracy for both major and minor salivary gland carcinomas and aligns with WHO histologic risk groups. ja.ma/4vlGGjs

Systematic review and meta-analysis: Thyroidectomy in adults ≥65 years showed small absolute increases in nerve injury, hematoma, and mortality, but similar rates of hypocalcemia and wound complications compared to younger adults. ja.ma/4clkjSy

Systematic review and network meta-analysis: Diltiazem, esmolol, dexmedetomidine, labetalol, and clonidine reduced bleeding during #ESS, with comparable safety and flexibility for individualized management. ja.ma/4tdwacW

In patients with #OSA who received hypoglossal nerve stimulation (#HGNS), smaller necks, BMI <30, and AHI ≤30 predicted highest #HGNS response rates in #OSA, while greater values and comorbidities were linked to lower likelihood. ja.ma/3Q2xYXo

Among healthy older adults enrolled in the ASPREE trial, low-dose aspirin had no clinically meaningful effect on central auditory processing or functional hearing outcomes. ja.ma/3OgCYab

Among healthy older adults enrolled in the ASPREE trial, low-dose aspirin had no clinically meaningful effect on central auditory processing or functional hearing outcomes. ja.ma/4sUzHwq

Among patients aged 16 to 65 years with recurrent or chronic tonsillitis, recovery time did not differ significantly between intracapsular and extracapsular tonsillectomy. ja.ma/4smonrW

Internet-based cognitive behavior therapy (#ICBT) for patients with tinnitus demonstrated sustained reductions in tinnitus distress over a 6-year follow-up period in a nonrandomized clinical trial. ja.ma/4bWhYxd

A 41-year-old patient was referred to the oral and maxillofacial surgery department with slight mobility of the upper right canine with occasional swelling. What is your diagnosis? ja.ma/3PXEcrp

Completion #TORS after diagnostic tonsillectomy for HPV-associated tonsil #SCC did not increase positive margins or worsen survival, supporting routine tonsillectomy as oncologically safe. ja.ma/4mdpUir

Pretreatment BMI loss and low PNI predicted shorter progression-free survival in immunotherapy-treated #HNSCC, while baseline BMI category was not associated with outcome. ja.ma/4sMn6vf

Higher preoperative #ctHPVDNA in surgical #OPSCC correlated with nodal burden and kidney function, while postoperative detection marked minimal residual disease and high-risk pathologic features. ja.ma/4sOZCWe

Internet-based cognitive behavior therapy (#ICBT) for patients with tinnitus demonstrated sustained reductions in tinnitus distress over a 6-year follow-up period in a nonrandomized clinical trial. ja.ma/3QbgtnG

In a cohort of more than 570 000 adults aged 50 years and older, #HearingLoss was linked to an increased risk of incident #Dementia, most notably among those not using hearing aids. 🎥 Watch the video and read the full article: ja.ma/41zafk0

New research highlights Amivantamab as a promising treatment for recurrent or metastatic adenoid cystic carcinoma. Trisha Wise-Draper, MD, PhD, discusses study findings, clinical benefits, and future directions with Paul Bryson, MD. Listen now: ja.ma/47NuNcj

A 20-year-old woman had, since age 8 years, a lesion on the left side of her face that had slowly progressed over 12 years, causing facial asymmetry. 📄 What is your diagnosis? ja.ma/4tbAZ5N

Poor olfaction in older adults was associated with greater longitudinal decline in gait speed, balance, and grip strength, indicating a dose-response relationship between #OlfactoryDysfunction and functional aging. ja.ma/4bPqi1Q

A 36-year-old man with a 4-year history of Crohn disease who was receiving maintenance therapy with infliximab presented with 6 months of progressive left mandibular pain and swelling. What is your diagnosis? ja.ma/4taSraU

A 31-year-old female presented with a progressively enlarging left submandibular mass and history of pleomorphic adenoma of the left submandibular gland. What is your diagnosis? ja.ma/3MK17p5

Among patients with head and neck #MerkelCellCarcinoma, sentinel lymph node biopsy identified occult nodal disease in more than half of cases but showed reduced accuracy compared to other sites. ja.ma/4tTDTxv

In 2025, JAMA Otolaryngology marked its centennial with a 7% increase in submissions, an Impact Factor of 5.6, and >6.3 million article views. Read “JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery—The Year in Review, 2025,” by Jay F. Piccirillo, MD. ja.ma/4bnczk1

Systematic review and meta-analysis: #AIFRS incidence among immunocompromised patients has risen since 2013, but mortality rates declined with advances in antifungal therapy, surgical techniques, and diagnostic imaging. ja.ma/4bqYCl6

Annual frenotomy incidence among Danish infants rose from 5 to 12 per 100 over ten years, with higher rates in males and marked geographic variation. ja.ma/4cYZzSK

A rapid 5-item mobile app olfactory test had 74% sensitivity and 86% specificity for olfactory dysfunction, supporting its use as a reliable, scalable screening tool for adults. ja.ma/4dwNd4r

Among patients undergoing glossectomy for oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma, volumetric analysis demonstrated that greater tumor fraction and extent of tongue resection were associated with worsened speech and swallowing outcomes. ja.ma/41friaz

Intratumoral NBTXR3 followed by #Radiotherapy showed feasibility and promising response rates in cisplatin- or cetuximab-ineligible patients with locally advanced #HNSCC. ja.ma/4uFjVXr

Internet-based cognitive behavior therapy (#ICBT) for patients with tinnitus demonstrated sustained reductions in tinnitus distress over a 6-year follow-up period in a nonrandomized clinical trial. ja.ma/4cQk6ZH

A new 4-stage audiometric system using pure tone average and word recognition score enables personalized #CochlearImplant candidacy estimates, supporting more individualized patient-clinician counseling. ja.ma/3P9yjXZ

In adults receiving #cochlear implants, gains in positive affect and reductions in negative affect corresponded with improvements in quality-of-life scores across listening, communication, and participation domains. ja.ma/4cSviVM

Individualized prognostic counseling using an online model was linked to reduced decisional conflict and regret and more active decision-making in #HNSCC patients. ja.ma/4be5a6v

In patients with locally advanced #HNSCC, ctDNA-based minimal residual disease positivity after treatment completion was associated with higher recurrence and worse survival, supporting its use as a prognostic biomarker. ja.ma/46YDqQL

Editorial: JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery upholds transparency, rigorous peer review, and conflict-of-interest management to ensure research credibility. ja.ma/4djs5P1

A female adolescent presented with a 1-month history of a rapidly enlarging, vegetative mass on her right cheek after a symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection with high fever. What is your diagnosis? ja.ma/4lbe4VB

Strategic sponsor decisions and poor accrual are the leading reasons for early termination of #HNSCC clinical trials, especially in industry-funded and phase 1 studies. ja.ma/4urXGEf

Neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy for resectable locoregionally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (#HNSCC) was associated with higher rates of major and complete pathologic response compared with immunotherapy alone. ja.ma/4smWxw9

Deep transfer learning using presurgical brain MRI features predicted post–cochlear implant language improvement in children with >92% accuracy, outperforming traditional ML. ja.ma/3NeICcC