‘GHG Protocol’ Standards Update: Workplan & Timeline (2024–2028) bit.ly/GHG-Protocol Source: GHG Protocol. (2024). Greenhouse Gas Protocol Corporate Standard Development Plans. WRI & WBCSD.

Working Smarter vs. Working Longer: GDP per capita in the OECD in 2024 (in international dollars, at current prices, and at purchasing power parity) bit.ly/GDP-per-Capita IMF. (2025). World Economic Outlook (October 2025); OECD. (2025). Average annual hours actually worked per worker.

Country Progression of Wind Power Generation Since ‘10 TWh’ Threshold bit.ly/Wind-Progres... Data: Ember. (2025). Yearly Electricity Data.

Country Progression of Solar Power Generation Since ‘10 TWh’ Threshold bit.ly/Solar-Progre... Data: Ember. (2025). Yearly Electricity Data.

Fluorinated gases (F-gases) are gaining share in South Korea’s emissions (1990–2023) bit.ly/F-gases-Korea GIR. (2025). The National Greenhouse Gas Inventory 1990–2023. Greenhouse Gas Inventory & Research Center of Korea (GIR).

Global Sustainability Disclosure and Regulation Frameworks: Summary bit.ly/ESG-Dec2025 Compiled by Park, H. (December 2025). This overview may not be exhaustive and is subject to ongoing developments in the field.

Total Factor Productivity Relative to the United States (1955–2023) bit.ly/TFPs GGDC. (2025). Penn World Table, version 11.0. Groningen Growth and Development Centre (GGDC).

Accelerating EV Transitions: Regional Market Share Disparities in 2019 and 2025 bit.ly/EV-Shares Graham, E. (2025). The EV leapfrog - how emerging markets are driving a global EV boom. Ember.

Updated Trajectory: 1.5 °C Warming Estimate Revised to March 2029 bit.ly/March2029 ECMWF. (2025). C3S global temperature trend monitor. European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF).

Share of Population in Cities and Towns (Degree of Urbanization) in G20, 2025–2050 bit.ly/Urbanization... Source: UN DESA. (2025). World Urbanization Prospects 2025. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UN DESA).

Protected Areas by Designation Type in the OECD (2024) bit.ly/PAs-OECD OECD. (2025). Environment at a Glance Indicators 2025. OECD Publishing.

Total Net Effective Carbon Rate (ECR) in 2023 bit.ly/ECR-2023 OECD. (2025). Environment at a Glance Indicators 2025. OECD Publishing.

2025 Climate & Biodiversity Books bit.ly/2025Books A selection of climate and biodiversity books that have garnered media attention in 2025. The list is organized alphabetically by the author’s last name.

The Widening Gap Between Standards and Innovation: Energy Efficiency Levels of Selected End-Use Technologies, 2010–2025 bit.ly/IEA-EE2025 International Energy Agency (IEA). (2025). Energy Efficiency 2025. IEA Publications.

유엔기후변화협약(UNFCCC) 제30차 당사국총회(COP30)에 전문가들이 제출한 100개 기후변화적응지표 후보 중 59개가 최종 선정되었습니다. 우리말로 번역해서 영한대조표를 만들어 봤습니다. bit.ly/Adaptation-I... 출처: Belém Adaptation Indicators for measuring progress achieved towards the targets referred to in paragraphs 9–10 of decision 2/CMA.5 (FCCC/PA/CMA/2025/L.25 Annex)

Trends in Per Capita Consumption-Based CO₂ Emissions for High-Emitting Nations, 1990–2023 youtu.be/ed-Fk2wsPY8 Note: [Consumption-based emissions] = [Territorial emissions] − [Embodied territorial emissions to produce exported products] + [Emissions in other countries to produce imported products]

Global CO₂ Emission Trajectories: ‘Historical Data (1980–2025)’ and ‘SSP-Based Projections (2025–2100)’ bit.ly/GCB-SSPs Friedlingstein, P. et al. (2025). Global Carbon Budget 2025. Earth System Science Data Discussion, 2025, 1–139. DOI:10.5194/essd-2025-659

Trends in Per Capita Consumption-Based Fossil CO₂ Emissions for High-Emitting Nations, 1990–2023 bit.ly/Consumption-... Friedlingstein, P. et al. (2025). Global Carbon Budget 2025. Earth System Science Data Discussion, 2025, 1–139. DOI:10.5194/essd-2025-659

Evolution of South Korea’s Vehicle Fleet by Fuel Type, 2001–2025 bit.ly/Vehicle-Fleet MOLIT. (2025). Total Registered Motor Vehicles. Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport (MOLIT).

Components of the global carbon budget and their uncertainties as a function of time bit.ly/GCB2025-b Friedlingstein, P. et al. (2025). Global Carbon Budget 2025. Earth System Science Data Discussion, (Under Review). DOI:10.5194/essd-2025-659

Where Anthropogenic CO2 Emissions Go (2015–2024 Average) bit.ly/GCB2025-a Friedlingstein, P. et al. (2025). Global Carbon Budget 2025. Earth System Science Data Discussion, (Under Review). DOI:10.5194/essd-2025-659

Projected 2035 Emissions: “Before Paris” Trajectories vs. NDCs Submitted as of 9 November 2025 bit.ly/PA-Impacts UNFCCC Secretariat. (2025). Nationally Determined Contributions Synthesis Report – Update.

Air Passenger Emission Footprints by Travel Class for a Flight from Singapore (SIN) to Zurich (ZRH) bit.ly/SIN-ZRH McFall, F. et al. (2025). Aviation passenger carbon footprint calculator. Communications Earth & Environment, 6(1), 855.

Climate Injustice: High-Risk Nations Have Lowest Historical CO₂ Emissions bit.ly/CO2-INFORM Created by Park, H. (2025).

G20 ‘Off Target’: Current Policies Misaligned with 2030/2035 NDC and Net-Zero Goals bit.ly/EGR2025-G20 The Republic of Korea Government. (2025). 2035 NDC (NDC 3.0) Public Hearing Presentation. UNEP. (2025). Emissions Gap Report 2025. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).

The World’s Most At-‘Risk’ Populations: ‘Exposed’ and ‘Vulnerable’ to ‘Climate Shocks’ bit.ly/Climate-Shocks Shilpi, F., Kahn, M. E., & Berg, C. (2025). Rethinking Resilience: Adapting to a Changing Climate. World Bank.

Off Target: Peak Warming ‘Likely’ to Hit 2.8°C Under Current Policies (Most Optimistic Pledges Still Fall Short at 1.9°C) bit.ly/EGR-2025 UNEP. (2025). Emissions Gap Report 2025. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).

Global Mammal Biomass (wet biomass) by Group, 1850–2021 bit.ly/Mammal-Biomass Greenspoon, L., Ramot, N., Moran, U., Roll, U., Phillips, R., Noor, E., & Milo, R. (2025). The global biomass of mammals since 1850. Nature Communications, 16(1), 8338.

The UNFCCC Adaptation Architecture: From Climate Risk to the UAE Framework for Global Climate Resilience bit.ly/AGR2025 UNEP. (2025). Adaptation Gap Report 2025: Running on empty. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).

‘Energy Efficiency’ Policy and Performance of the 25 Largest Energy-Consuming Countries: 2022 and 2025 bit.ly/IEES2025 Mah, J., Aquino, A., Ghosh, D., & Hoffmeister, A. (2025). 2025 International Energy Efficiency Scorecard. American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy (ACEEE).

R&D Intensities—Selected Economies, 2023 bit.ly/RandD-Intens... OECD. (2025). OECD Science, Technology and Innovation Outlook 2025: Driving Change in a Shifting Landscape. OECD Publishing.

A Shared Archaic Legacy: ‘Neanderthal and Denisovan DNA’ in Modern Human Populations bit.ly/Human-Admixt... Wall, J. D. et al. (2019). The GenomeAsia 100K Project enables genetic discoveries across Asia. Nature, 576(7785), 106–111.

Penetration of Wind/Solar vs. Nuclear in G20 Nations, 1990–2023 bit.ly/G20-TES Created by: Park, H. (2025). Source data: IEA. (2025). World Energy Balances—July 2025 edition. International Energy Agency (IEA).

Global Forests 1990–2025: Area and Biomass Carbon Trends bit.ly/GFRA-2025 FAO. (2025). Global Forest Resources Assessment 2025. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).

Climate Injustice: High-Risk Nations Have Lowest Historical Emissions bit.ly/GHGs-INFORM Created by Park, H. (2025).

Electrification Trends in G20 Members, 1990–2023 bit.ly/G20-En IEA. (2025). Summary Energy Balances—August 2025. International Energy Agency (IEA).

Earth System Tipping Point Threat Matrix: Risk by Temperature and Impact (2025 Report) bit.ly/GTPR2025 Lenton, T. M. et al. (Eds.). (2025). The Global Tipping Points Report 2025. University of Exeter.

Status of shortfall and overshoot in a disaggregated Doughnut framework for three country clusters, 2022 bit.ly/Doughnut3a Fanning, A. L., & Raworth, K. (2025). Doughnut of social and planetary boundaries monitors a world out of balance. Nature, 646(8083), 47–56.

Constraining the CMIP6 Ensemble with Transfer Learning for More Reliable Projections bit.ly/GSAT2098 Immorlano, F. et al. (2025). Transferring climate change physical knowledge. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 122(15), e2413503122.

‘School Meal Programme’ Scale and Coverage by Country, 2024 bit.ly/School-Meals... WFP. (2024). State of School Feeding Worldwide 2024. World Food Programme (WFP).

International Climate Litigation: An Overview of Cases Before International Bodies, Through June 30, 2025 bit.ly/Climate-Liti... UNEP. (2025). Climate Change in the Courtroom: Trends, Impacts and Emerging Lessons. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).

Grade 8 ‘Math Proficiency’ by Gender, 2023 bit.ly/SDGs-Math UNESCO. (2025). Global Education Monitoring Report: Gender Report. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).

The Human Family Tree: Evolutionary Timeline of the Genus Homo bit.ly/Genus-Homo The origin of the Homo sapiens clade: 1.02 million years ago vs. 0.3 million years ago.

Coal Use and GDP: Contrasting Paths by Income Group, 1970–2015 bit.ly/GDP-Coal Hitoshi, N., Saleem, H. A., & José, A. P. d. O. (2025). Decoupling material consumption from economic development? Carbon Footprints, 4(4), 26.

Tracking Planetary Boundaries over Time: 2009–2025 bit.ly/PB-2009-2025 Azote for Stockholm Resilience Centre, based on analysis: Planetary Boundaries Science (PBScience). (2025). Planetary Health Check 2025. Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK).

Global Fossil Fuel Production (2015–2050): Six Pathways with Historical Trends (2015–2023) bit.ly/PGR-25 SEI, Climate Analytics, & IISD. (2025). The Production Gap Report 2025. Stockholm Environment Institute, Climate Analytics, and International Institute for Sustainable Development.

Global Small Modular Reactor (SMR) Regulatory Review Status bit.ly/SMR-Review NEA (OECD Nuclear Energy Agency). (2025). The NEA Small Modular Reactor Dashboard (3rd ed.). OECD Publishing.

Per Capita Net Greenhouse Gas Emissions by Country, 1990–2024 Note: [Net GHG Emissions] = [Total GHG Emissions] – [Net GHG Uptake from LULUCF] youtu.be/OMQUbfFnKQs Source: Crippa, M. et al. (2025). GHG emissions of all world countries – 2025 Report. Publications Office of the European Union.

Net Electricity Generation by Source (H1 2025): OECD, Brazil, China, and India bit.ly/GenMix2025H1 Modified by Park, H. (2025), based on data from: International Energy Agency [IEA]. (2025). Monthly Electricity Statistics (Data up to June 2025).

South Korea’s LULUCF Net GHG Emissions Across Datasets Using IPCC AR5 GWP100 Metrics bit.ly/KOR-LULUCF Datasets: NGHGI, EDGAR, FAO, GCP, PRIMAP-Hist.