VEXAS (vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, autoinflammatory, somatic) syndrome is an autoinflammatory disease identified in 2020. The disease is caused by somatic mutations in UBA1. http://dlvr.it/TS8sRN

An integrated understanding of how genetics, molecular mechanisms and immune dysregulation interact and shape treatment responses in VEXAS syndrome is needed to define pathogenesis and improve patient outcomes. http://dlvr.it/TS7fqv

VEXAS syndrome pathophysiology arises from a combination of cell intrinsic effects in cells with pathogenic UBA1 mutations and cell extrinsic effects of these cells on wild type cells. http://dlvr.it/TS6P0N

VEXAS syndrome is caused by somatic UBA1 missense mutations in haematopoietic stem cells, most commonly Met41 substitutions that produce an impaired UBA1c isoform. http://dlvr.it/TS5xgZ

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Accreta placentation is driven by villous development inside a myometrial scar. http://dlvr.it/TS3TVq

The microanalytic cycle of insomnia explains how arousal, unhelpful thoughts, maladaptive habits and daytime consequences reinforce each other, allowing insomnia to become self sustaining and increasing the risk of ongoing sleep difficulties. http://dlvr.it/TS1yXy

A stepped care model for CBT I matches treatment intensity to patient needs, starting with accessible digital therapy and escalating to group or individual CBT I when symptoms persist or response is insufficient. http://dlvr.it/TS0k57

Evidence based insomnia treatments differ in their short term and long term effects on subjective and objective sleep, with CBT I showing sustained benefits and medications varying in strength, durability and certainty of evidence. http://dlvr.it/TS0Jcd

Polysomnography reveals important differences between good sleepers and people with insomnia, including frequent arousals, fragmented REM sleep and, in some cases, objectively shortened sleep duration despite similar time in bed. http://dlvr.it/TRzSww

Representative sleep diaries illustrate key insomnia patterns: prolonged time to fall asleep, frequent awakenings during the night, or a combination of both delayed sleep onset and poor sleep maintenance. http://dlvr.it/TRyyQR

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Bacterial vaginosis is a vaginal microbiome disorder characterized by a reduction in protective lactobacilli and an increase in bacterial diversity http://dlvr.it/TRvxZT

Accreta placentation is driven by villous development inside a myometrial scar http://dlvr.it/TRvHxF

Differences of sex development represent a group of congenital conditions that affect human sex development and maturation http://dlvr.it/TRtmxx

This PrimeView highlights the epidemiology, mechanisms, diagnosis, management and quality of life of patients with autoimmune encephalitis http://dlvr.it/TRtYNH

Adaptive immune cells in lupus nephritis are activated through various pathways, including via B cell and T cell receptors, and cytokine signalling, with multiple therapeutic targets identified for potential intervention. http://dlvr.it/TRtC7b

Acute appendicitis is a common abdominal emergency arising from inflammation of the appendix, often owing to obstruction http://dlvr.it/TRsyQC

Several genes are involved in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy pathophysiology http://dlvr.it/TRsBhv

Tendon tissue structure and biomechanical properties relationship is complex and it dictates the emergence of mechanical stresses within the tissue and mechanisms evolution by which tendon cells can sense deformations that occur under stress. http://dlvr.it/TRrkBB

Around one-third of individuals with diabetes mellitus develop diabetic retinopathy and 10% of these progress to vision threatening diabetic retinopathy http://dlvr.it/TRrk51

Peripheral artery disease is a vascular condition characterized by narrowing of the peripheral arteries, primarily in the lower extremities, due to atherosclerosis or thrombosis http://dlvr.it/TRrLH8

This figure illustrates the prevalence of podocytopathy forms during the lifespan www.nature.com/articles/s41...

Starting from a tick bite, Lyme borreliosis is categorized into early localized, early disseminated, and late stages, although clinical manifestations can overlap. http://dlvr.it/TRqH17

Graphs displaying the genetic differences in Lyme borreliae and clinical heterogeneity in Lyme borreliosis. http://dlvr.it/TRnrQS

The innate immune system in the skin serves as the first line of defence against Lyme borreliae. http://dlvr.it/TRmSGN

Lyme borreliae do not produce any known toxins, thus, presentation of Lyme borreliosis is primarily due to a host immune response. Timely diagnosis and treatment are major determinants for disease prognosis. http://dlvr.it/TRmMWq

The Ixodes ricinus complex life cycle comprises four life stages (egg, larva, nymph, and adult) in which each post-egg stage needs a blood meal to develop into the next stage or reproduce. http://dlvr.it/TRlCJW

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Asymptomatic peripheral #arterydisease (PAD) is characterized by preserved blood flow despite the presence of early to intermediate atherosclerotic lesions. dlvr.it/TQLms5

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Epithelial ovarian cancer affects health-related quality of life during all stages and treatment trajectories of the disease http://dlvr.it/TRRH5c

Epithelial ovarian cancer encompasses a group of epithelial cell malignancies that predominantly arise from the fallopian tube fimbriae http://dlvr.it/TRR8s1

A hypothetical patient journey for epithelial ovarian cancer involves various interventions, such as imaging, primary debulking and diagnostic surgery for diagnosis and staging, chemotherapy, remission, and subsequent disease progression http://dlvr.it/TRQK1B

The structure of ovaries and fallopian tubes facilitates early and potentially rapid ovarian cancer tumour cell dissemination http://dlvr.it/TRQ9L3

The most prevalent type of epithelial ovarian cancer is high-grade serous ovarian cancer originating from the fimbriated ends of the ovaries http://dlvr.it/TRPhK6

Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is a rare autoimmune complication that can develop following group A Streptococcus infection (now referred to as Strep A) www.nature.com/articles/s41...

This figure illustrates the cytokine- and chemokine-mediated autoimmunity in blood and heart valve tissue during acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease www.nature.com/articles/s41...

A loss of tolerance, together with molecular mimicry, likely contribute to an autoimmune response, which results in the major manifestations of acute rheumatic fever http://dlvr.it/TRDXCz

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Our NEW Primer on Acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease is live! By Zühlke et al. Check it out here: www.nature.com/articles/s41...

Individuals exposed to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) may eliminate the infection; however, individuals may progress from TB infection to active disease. Those with active disease may succumb over several months or years or be cured. http://dlvr.it/TR8PRt

Leprosy is a neglected tropical disease that predominantly occurs in low-income and middle-income regions; around 200,000 new diagnoses are made every year. go.nature.com/3VeERo9

This Figure shows an overview of the neurotransmitter systems and brain networks involved in the pathogenesis of catatonia. http://dlvr.it/TR726z

Listeria monocytogenes crosses the intestinal barrier via goblet and M cells, the placental barrier through syncytiotrophoblasts, and the blood–brain barrier by spreading from infected monocytes to endothelial cells. http://dlvr.it/TR5jJY

Treatment strategies for #BacterialVaginosis include eliminating harmful bacteria, restoring optimal microbiota and preventing sexual transmission. Achieving sustained cure likely requires a tailored, multi-strategy plan. #WomensHealth #medsky http://dlvr.it/TR4h2X

Biologically active mediators released from mast cells at baseline or after activation can trigger clinically relevant symptoms, which have been observed in all subtypes of mastocytosis http://dlvr.it/TR4d10