The numbers are in. The numbers are in. This year's most popular JAMA Network content spans a range of topics, from #fluoride to #Parkinson disease to #GLP-1s. What was your favorite article in 2025 -- and did other readers agree? 🔗 ja.ma/4jam7B9

In adults with obesity, type 2 diabetes, and OSA, initiation of incretin receptor agonists/GLP1RAs, particularly tirzepatide, was associated with decreased risk of CPAP use, hospitalization, and mortality compared with SGLT2Is. ja.ma/4jecC3O

In this cross-sectional study of travelers’ diarrhea antimicrobial resistance patterns, there was marked variability of nonsusceptibility to 2 major classes of antibiotics commonly used for treating travelers’ diarrhea among global regions. ja.ma/44CZGi2

Survival for patients with colorectal liver metastases in Denmark improved for patients with synchronous and early metachronous CRLM, but not for those with late metachronous CRLM, highlighting the need for timing-based care strategies. ja.ma/4scghD8

Long-term exposure to specific PM2.5 components in air pollution was associated with higher depression risk, especially in those with comorbidities, in this study of 23.7 million US Medicare beneficiaries. ja.ma/44GRM7e

Clinically integrated prior authorization software was associated with reduced denials, shortened approval times/reduced care delays, and improved staff satisfaction, in this quality improvement study of radiation oncology practices. ja.ma/4j7Aaam

After bariatric surgery, patients on incretin-based therapies had a 55% lower risk of new-onset alcohol use disorder (AUD) and 41% lower risk of AUD medication initiation, suggesting potential neurobehavioral benefits beyond weight loss. ja.ma/4pSbzcs

Discrepancies between allergist assessments and #EHR documentation of #PenicillinAllergy persist, with nearly half of cases in a recent study showing disagreement, especially in risk classification. ja.ma/48YLuRC

Documentation of high-risk penicillin allergy in electronic health records is only modestly consistent with allergist assessments, and high-risk penicillin allergy flags rarely align with specialist-determined risk or testing results. ja.ma/49874mN

Commercial LLMs integrated into health care applications remain highly vulnerable to prompt injection attacks, with a 94% success rate for generating unsafe or contraindicated medical recommendations in simulated dialogues. ja.ma/4amWHhj

In a multicenter cohort of over 22000 children, the PECARN rule more accurately risk stratifies for cervical spine injury and guides imaging decisions after blunt trauma than NEXUS or Canadian C-Spine rules. ja.ma/3L9VjEs

Consistent use and integration of #PatientReportedOutcomes such as the QLQ-AYA30 into routine oncology practice may improve clinical decision-making and support equitable care for young cancer survivors. ja.ma/45l9ygr

The new tool for #AYAOncology captures quality of life issues relevant to adolescents and young adults with #cancer in diverse cultural and clinical contexts, supporting its use in clinical trials and routine care. ja.ma/4p3VlM4

Persistent bedbound status in late life may serve as a prognostic indicator for approaching death in individuals with #Dementia or frailty, prompting consideration of hospice and care planning. ja.ma/48NdPeP

Nearly 1 in 6 community-dwelling older adults is bedbound during the last year of life, with those with dementia facing a 5x higher likelihood. Bedbound individuals require substantially more caregiving hours and paid support. ja.ma/3MK9bFT

Ursodeoxycholic acid treatment for primary biliary cholangitis was associated with lower risks of gastrointestinal cancer, liver cancer, and breast cancer, but not colorectal cancer, in patients with PBC. ja.ma/4qjB9H0

In this economic evaluation of 3 intervention strategies to increase HPV uptake among adolescents, annual costs to primary care practices for each intervention strategy ranged from $420-1420. ja.ma/45aLMDP

In this qualitative study, parents did not oppose early peanut introduction (EPI), but many felt its purpose was to test for allergy and were concerned about the risk of an allergic reaction during EPI. ja.ma/48M4TGB

Virtual primary care sick visits in children were associated with a modestly higher risk of ED use within 3 days, particularly for low-acuity visits, suggesting judicious use of virtual care to manage acute illness in children is warranted. ja.ma/4b4z7pE

Meta-analysis: The World Health Organization's severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) case definitions—used globally for viral surveillance—may underestimate pediatric respiratory infections; SARI in younger children are particularly under-detected. ja.ma/4qnPKRX

STEREOPOSTOP phase 2 RCT: Postoperative SBRT for early-stage oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers with high-risk margins showed low severe late toxicity (2.2%) and high 2-year local control (92%). ja.ma/49kqjuz

This nonrandomized clinical trial found that olfactory function declines in a dose-dependent manner after RT for head and neck cancer, with higher radiation doses associated with greater impairment. ja.ma/4jbpEiI

This secondary analysis of a cluster RCT found that a personality-targeted intervention was effective in attenuating the escalation of substance use and polysubstance use in adolescents with early risk factors for problematic substance use. ja.ma/44WGfAX

LLMs frequently abstained from giving numeric estimates of verbal probability terms. When LLMs did not abstain, they were much higher than clinical guidelines’ estimates, suggesting that patient-facing LLMs may amplify misunderstandings of risk. ja.ma/48ZL3Xo

Infants in Milwaukee homes with lead service lines had higher blood lead levels, highlighting the need for earlier testing and targeted interventions for children with possible lead exposure. ja.ma/44tPrfS

Rural cancer survivors are more likely to experience chronic pain (43%) than urban cancer survivors (34%), 2019-2023, highlighting the need for increased availability of pain management resources for rural cancer survivors. ja.ma/4iZV1wm

In this study of GME trainees, 14% of resident and fellow physicians reported food insecurity; those with food insecurity were more likely to experience burnout and social isolation. ja.ma/48Lbrp2

Higher maternal Planetary Health Diet Index adherence in early pregnancy was associated with greater fetal adiposity and reduced lean tissue, suggesting diet during early pregnancy may influence fetal body composition. ja.ma/3MGq9VG

For patients with extremity and truncal soft tissue sarcoma, 5-day preoperative radiotherapy was associated with favorable long-term clinical outcomes in this study. ja.ma/4917Z8u

RCT: Both 100mg and 300mg maintenance doses of extended-release buprenorphine improve opioid abstinence in patients who inject opioids, use high doses of opioids, or use fentanyl. ja.ma/4pGdvV9

Half of people with advanced ovarian and metastatic breast cancer receiving treatment spent ≥7 hours per week on cancer-related tasks, with most reporting tasks every day. ja.ma/4p8WcLC

Only 9% of Medicare beneficiaries with genitourinary syndrome of menopause filled a prescription for vaginal estrogen. Most women, including those with painful sex, vaginal atrophy, and recurrent UTI, did not fill a prescription. ja.ma/45bvcUe

Medical specialties with growing numbers of female physicians saw slower growth in payments over time overall and for female physicians in that specialty between 1973 and 2020. ja.ma/4pOcIBS

Automated EEG background analysis accurately estimated 2-year outcomes in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, matching expert assessments without needing human expertise. ja.ma/44utWvp

Asian-affinity Medicare Advantage plans demonstrate lower premiums and culturally relevant benefits but substantiate narrower clinician networks and reduced coverage for standard services #MedicareAdvantage. ja.ma/3YAmlaY

While Medicare Advantage Asian-oriented affinity plans offered more culturally relevant benefits and favorable premiums, these plans had narrower physician networks, lower Medicare Star Ratings, and reduced coverage of certain traditional benefits. ja.ma/4iZGvVe

RCT: Providing next day #HIV viral load result did not improve linkage-to-care overall in people with or at risk of HIV; in the subset of people living with HIV, receiving a viral load result was associated with faster linkage-to-care. ja.ma/3KU4QiI

This consensus statement offers an approach for busy primary care physicians to incorporate patient health care goals prioritize screenings and chronic care tasks for patients with multiple health problems. ja.ma/3YtCwqz

Individuals with heterozygous CHEK2 variants had an increased risk for all cancer; breast, kidney, bladder, and prostate cancer; and lymphoid leukemia, although cancer risk was generally lower compared with phenotypically ascertained cohorts. ja.ma/3MFnlIj

Etomidate may increase downstream mortality despite early hemodynamic stability. Drug choice for emergency intubation should consider patient-specific risks in #AirwayManagement. ja.ma/4pGVG8H

For patients intubated in ERs in Brazil, etomidate was associated with higher 7d and 28d mortality vs ketamine, despite more immediate post-intubation hemodynamic instability with ketamine. ja.ma/4pR4Jne

Population health programs targeting health-related social needs may function as temporary relief. Sustainable improvements require addressing underlying systemic barriers in #SocialDeterminants. ja.ma/4oW83w6

In this cohort study, most health-related social needs (HRSNs) were associated with ED visits, with strongest associations for housing instability and transportation. ja.ma/3N1MbSM

RCT: For adults with generalized anxiety disorder, smartphone-delivered digital cognitive behavioral therapy yielded greater anxiety reduction and remission rates at posttreatment follow-up vs psychoeducation. ja.ma/4iYSoLp

Ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia delivered in the emergency department substantiates reduced delirium risk and improved pain control for older adults with #HipFracture. ja.ma/4oSS429

RCT: A knowledge-to-practice intervention improved ultrasound-guided nerve blocks for older people with hip fractures. Despite suboptimal uptake and effectiveness, nerve blocks were safe, quick, and odds of delirium were reduced in the intervention group. ja.ma/4pDjcTH

Digital augmentation of parent-child interaction therapy #ChildBehavior substantiates feasibility and high adherence, supporting the extension of therapeutic principles beyond clinical settings. ja.ma/48Gi77R

Pilot RCT: Children wore a smartwatch to anticipate tantrums 75% of the time and parents responded to behavior prompts for proactive parenting skills in <4 seconds, suggesting smartwatch-augmented parent-child interaction therapy warrants further study. ja.ma/4s6UUU3

Editorial: Comprehensive multidisciplinary care during #HeadAndNeckCancer radiotherapy substantiates reduced treatment interruptions and improves patient quality of life. ja.ma/4pDjoCp

RCT: The Supportive Holistic Interventions by Nurses and Experts via Multidisciplinary Team (SHINE-MDT) intervention decreased radiotherapy interruptions and improved nutrition and psychological burdens vs usual care in patients with head and neck cancer. ja.ma/48PC3oZ