loading . . . When Democracy Falters: A Multidisciplinary, Multibook Review Essay on Polarization, Populism, and Authoritarianism (Forthcoming Article) - This multibook review argues that identity-driven polarization interacts with institutional design to erode democratic guardrails. Reading Heather Cox Richardsonâs <i>Democracy Awakening</i>, Tom Schaller and Paul Waldmanâs <i>White Rural Rage</i>, and Ezra Kleinâs <i>Why We're Polarized</i> through an economistâs lens, I emphasize two claims. First, when institutions fail to deliver broadly shared security and dignity, anti-pluralist projects gain legitimacy and room to maneuver. Second, questions of belonging, citizenship, and the obligations of government to the people are informed by culture and institutional trust. The culture of the United States is not one that lends itself readily to ethnonationalism, but these books make a case for an America that is, and perhaps has always, been divided by notions of who âweâ are. I situate the books within the economics literature on populism, polarization, and institutions, and examine what we can learn about rebuilding both prosperity and democratic resilience in the United States. https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/jel.20251778&from=f