A couple of references to 'Bavarian Fascisti' from early 1923, pre Beer Hall Putsch/Mein Kampf. '30,000 Armed Fascisti ready'. Nazi's attempted coup wasn't a surprise to anybody, numerous reports. There was an opportunity to stop them here but the British & American states fueled his rise to power.

Meanwhile, in Nazi Germany, a wave of repression after 1933, 1000s killed & imprisoned, opposition outlawed, Dachau opened, forced labour, antisemitic attacks. None of this affected the British State. Report on Night of Long Knives, July 1934, where Nazis killed many of their own party.

Fascism did not stop tourism between 1933-39, around 500,000 British people visited Nazi Germany and 1000s of Germans holidayed in Britain during that time. This tourism was promoted by the Prince of Wales, Edward Windsor/Saxe Coburg, he was a walking advertisement for the Nazis.

During 1933-39 period the British Legion built a relationship with Nazi regime in Germany, 1000s of Legion members from British Isles, mostly ex servicemen visited Germany at time & were greeted warmly with swastikas and 'Heils!' This references Major Featherstone-Godley's 1935 visit to Hitler.

A lengthy defense of the Nazis & antisemitism from Nesta Webster. Winston Churchill praised her in a 1920 article I posted further back in timeline "Zionism versus Bolshevism: A Struggle for the Soul of the Jewish People." Peas/Pods Civil & Military Gazette (Lahore) - Sunday 04 June 1933

King George V on his way to Italy to meet Mussolini following his fascist coup. "Speeded with a fascisti salute." That's following a wave of suppression, thousands arrested and killed. Example of Italian fascism at time; en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1922_Tu... Sunday Mirror - Sunday 06 May 1923

'Bavaria's Fascisti' (Daily Mirror 6 Sept 1923) This is just weeks prior to the Beer Hall Putsch on Nov 8th, Hitler pictured in international media.

A couple of letters to Birmingham Mail, 16 May 1925 defending the new British Fascist movement, one from a Major, the other claims they now number 1.5 million. Most figures I see quoted are 500,000-600,000 membership but this would not surprise me, as writer says 'others attached to movement'.

Earl of Glasgow & Lord Hamilton elected heads of Scottish Division of British Fascists in Dec 1924. Hamilton was a Conservative MP en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lord_Er... Earl's ancestor supported Act of Union & received almost half the Darrien compensation money, 1707. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick...

USA & Fascism I don't want to list all the fascist movements worldwide, it was a rapid spread, just the roots. And most of those roots lay in USA. They had a pre existing fascistic movement in the Klu Klux Klan. An offshoot, The Black Legion, went full fascist by 1925. Over 100,000 members.

'Five Jews Among Founders of Fascism' Fascism was a nationalist anti socialist ideology rather than antisemitic. The economic hardship created by WWI & the US Bank Crash opened the door for other fascist movements to scapegoat whoever they wanted in the process. (Jewish Echo, Glasgow, April 1929)

'Inciting Class War' Another reference to Police Forces in England recruiting thousands of British Fascist members during the 1920s. Edinburgh Evening News - Tuesday 06 October 1925

Another reference to the British Fascists arming themselves during the 1920s, August 1925.

Lord Rothermere & Fascism His admiration of fascism is well documented but it can't be over emphasized enough just how influential he was to rise of fascism in Europe. He was fueling nationalist conflict prior to fascism. As he notes here, first newspaper in world outside Italy to praise fascism.

Fascism, Zionism & Eugenics, the three ideologies that have most shaped the global political landscape over the last century and created the society we live in today.

United Empire Party (Oct 1930) Another fascist offshoot, mentions a Brigadier General Sir Ormonde Winter, he was a director of the British Fascists in 1923, formed by Lord Rothermere. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ormonde...

'New Fascist Gang Probed' March 1946, this is after WWII. "250,000 fascists at large in country" Reporter goes to talk with leader, Arnold Leese, Admiral Sir Barry Domville also present. Fascism in Britain was under control of Monarchy, Government & Military. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_D...

United British Party (Jan 1934) Another offshoot of the British Fascist movement, the founder here, Serocold Skeels, a war veteran, defends his speech at Nuremberg Rally alongside Hitler attacking Jews the previous year. You read that right. You'll struggle to find it mentioned online.

British Fascists Arming (Oct 1925) Throughout 1920s there were battles between Socialists & Fascists in Britain, both sides in court regularly, usually lenient towards the fascists, knives were often used, hijacked a van, kidnapped a Socialist politician. Every Tory meeting, they were there.

The Imperial Fascist League meet at Lady Dalton's Hampstead residence, also present, Conservative MP Edward Doran, along with Arnold Leese. Leese remained active in British Fascism till his death in 1956. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnold_... Hampstead News 11 May 1933

The Imperial Fascist League A leader, Brig-General Denis Erskine-Tulloch explains their aims. (Sept 1925)

'Pistol Threat of Fascist Chief' Leader of British National Fascisti, Lt Col Henry Rippon Seymour, pulls a sword & gun on someone in March 1927. Report from Daily Mirror. This was the first photo I'd seen of him and I was struck by how much he resembles Nigel Farage.

Another reference to the mass recruitment of thousands of members of the British Fascists into English Police Forces during the 1920s, Wolverhampton, Oct 1925.

The co founder and leader of Women's Division of the British Fascists, Rotha Lintorn-Orman writes to newspaper 1928 explaining difference between British Fascists and newly formed Imperial Fascist League, another British fascist offshoot prior to Mosley in 1932.

'British Black Shirts' (Aug 1923) Formed a decade prior to Mosley's British Union of Fascists, they numbered 100,000s, supported by monarchy, peers, government, generals, admirals & most media. Many ex servicemen, they drilled/paraded regular and they were arming themselves. A serious movement.

'British Fascisti & Conservatives' (Oct 1926) Another letter from a member of the British National Fascisti explain their split from the British Fascists and unable to support the local Conservative as they wanted '100% Fascism'. Tories were only 99%

Conservative Party & The British Fascists (Dec 1924) It was noted from the start the origins of the British Fascist movement with the Conservative Party.

Conservative Party & British Fascist Movement Buckinghamshire Examiner - Friday 30 April 1926 "Many members opposite belong to that organization." "Large numbers of the Conservative Party supported & assisted the Fascisti." He was told to withdraw it but he didn't because it was actually true.

"I am a loyal Conservative and also a Fascist" (Holloway Press - Sat 09 October 1926) A Conservative & British Fascist writes to his local newspaper to explain difference between the British Fascists & the National Fascisti, one of many fascist splinter groups that persisted into post war era.

Conservative MP, Lieutenant-Colonel Cuthbert James thanking the British Fascisti for 'their extremely useful work during elections.', concluding with hoping 'any undesirable aliens are excluded from this country' (Nov 1924) The Conservative Party were key in the formation of Fascist movement.

FMB Fisher, Conservative MP for Newcastle-on-Tyne thanking the British Fascisti for 'instituting a reign of terror' in January 1925.

'This MP Likes Hitler' (July 1934) And that MP is Conservative, Sir Arnold Wilson, who went to meet Hitler several times. "I hope to God Franco wins in Spain, and the sooner the better." en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnold_...

A brief reference to Maule Ramsay, Conservative & Unionist MP, a committed fascist and antisemite. I refer to him further back in timeline. Here in 1938 he is trying to introduce an Alien's Bill restricting free speech under the guise of religious zeal. Fascism often hid behind religion.

A Nazi propagandist, Dr Thost, invited to Westminster by Conservative MP, Edward Doran to defend the Nazi's antisemitic policies. April 1933. It still took Westminster two more years to cancel Thost's visa requiring him to leave. Nazi daily Thost helped start. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%B6...

Edward Doran, Conservative MP Fascist & antisemitic, the incident mentioned in article caused some outrage, where in 1933 he brought a Nazi propagandist into Westminster to defend their policies on Jews. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_...

Oliver Locker-Lampson, Conservative MP Lampson is often credited with trying to challenge Hitler's views on Jews later in 1930s but he was heaping praise on him in 1930 and a central figure in the formation of the British Fascists in 1923. Here's the 1930 article he calls Hitler a legendary hero.

A few more posts on the Conservative Party and the original British Fascist movements today. I've read a number of academic papers that try to play their role down but Conservatives were central to the establishment of the British Fascist movement in Britain in 1923 and it's many offshoots.

Zionist Fascisti Lyttelton Times (27 August 1929) Another reference to the young Zionist fascists in Palestine, they made it into the newspapers a few times during the 1920s.

'Cause of Clashes in Palestine' East End News & London Shipping Chronicle - 05 August 1938 This makes a very valid point, early working class Jewish colonists were prevented from organizing with the local Arabs due to the landlordism/imperialism of those funding it.

'It's a case of Germans, Germans everywhere!' A couple more references from 1886 concerning the growing influence of German in Palestine. It was most common language of Zionists, Congresses were conducted in German. The conflict for language domination among new colonists erupted just prior to WWI.

'How New Settlements are Established in Palestine' Jewish Echo (June 1939) "shock troops have with greatest secrecy and without government permission established a new settlement." Jewish Echo was a Scottish/Jewish newspaper that started in 1928. I've found their reporting relatively objective.

'Germany, through the Jews will Teutonise the Holy Land' (July 1886) Another reference to the strong German influence among new colonists during 1880s-1910s. It had turned into conflict by the outbreak of WWI with police placed in schools to enforce the German language.

'Colonization Update' Jewish World - Friday 11 March 1898

'Palestine & Jews' "....with the fervent idea of nationality haunting Jewish life, it's not impossible to see a time when the Jews will supplement their unambitious agricultural pursuits by secret intrigues towards possession of the land, in fact & as well in name." Westerham Herald 07 May 1898

Czarist Persecution & The Argentine Colony 1891 Baron Hirsch's original attempt a colony in Argentina for Jews escaping Romanov persecution, he mentions some examples of what's going on in Russia. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antisem...

This makes an interesting point, 250,000 Jews converted to Christianity between 1803-1903. And in the last 2,000 years 100,000s have converted to Judaism. ALL religions seek to convert. Haslingden Gazette - 28 February 1903

Inverness Courier (20 Aug 1897) "It is proposed to found a State in Palestine for no fewer than 11,000,000 Israelites, who will be planted gradually on territory under some international agreement, the nature of which is not yet clear." Israel, Gaza & occupied West Bank now at 15 million.

Colonial Population Growth in Palestine 1800 - 250,000 (7,000 Jews) 1820 - 300,000 (10,000 Jews) 1848 - 500,000 (15,000 Jews) 1884 - 500,000 (20,000 Jews) 1900 - 600,000 (30,000 Jews) 1921 - 764,000 (85,000 Jews) 1939 - 1.5M (445,000 Jews) 1947 - 1.9M (630,000 Jews) Rough estimates.

Victory Parade 1946 I scanned this from a worker's magazine I found some years ago. I think it captures the moment better than Oppenheimer The Musical recently achieved.

Glasgow Unemployed Conference (Oct 1921) Related but only posting this for the two sentences from Dundee reps, "the treachery of Labour men in their town. Labour men everywhere are the same." If you are Scottish you'll appreciate that, Labour Party started selling masses out from start.