30 - Activity Nodes ** Community facilities scattered individually through the city do nothing for the life of the city.

81 - Small Services Without Red Tape * Departments and public services don't work if they are too large. When theyare large, their human qualities vanish; they become bureaucratic; red tape takes over.

230 - Radiant Heat * This pattern is a biologically precise formulation of the intuition that sunlight and a hot blazing fire are the best kinds of heat.

119 - Arcades ** Arcades - covered walkways at the edge of buildings, which are partly inside, partly outside - play a vital role in the way that people interact with buildings.

206 - Efficient Structure * Some buildings have column and beam structures; others have load-bearing walls with slab floors; others are vaulted structures, or domes, or tents. But which of these, or what mixture of them, is actually the most efficient? What is the best way to distribute materials

112 - Entrance Transition ** Buildings, and especially houses, with a graceful transition between the street and the inside, are more tranquil than those which open directly off the street.

30 - Activity Nodes ** Community facilities scattered individually through the city do nothing for the life of the city.

200 - Open Shelves * Cupboards that are too deep waste valuable space, and it always seems that what you want is behind something else.

174 - Trellised Walk ** Trellised walks have their own special beauty. They are so unique, so different from other ways of shaping a path, that they are almost archetypal.

138 - Sleeping to the East * This is one of the patterns people most often disagree with. However, we believe they are mistaken.

38 - Row Houses * At densities of 15 to 30 houses per acre, row houses are essential. But typical row houses are dark inside, and stamped from an identical mould.

86 - Children The task of looking - after little children is a much deeper and more fundamental social issue than the phrases "babysitting" and "child care" suggest.

23 - Parallel Roads The net-like pattern of streets is obsolete. Congestion is choking cities. Cars can average 60 miles per hour on freeways, but trips across town have an average speed of only 10 to 15 miles per hour.

115 - Courtyards which Live ** The courtyards built in modern buildings are very often dead. They are intended to be private open spaces for people to use - but they end up unused, full of gravel and abstract sculptures.

218 - Wall Membrane * In organic construction the walls must take their share of the loads. They must work continuously with the structure on all four of their sides; and act to resist shear and bending, and take loads in compression.

129 - Common Areas at the Heart ** No social group - whether a family, a work group, or a school group - can survive without constant informal contact among its members.

96 - Number of Stories * Within the four-story height limit, just exactly how high should your buildings be?

238 - Filtered Light * Light filtered through leaves, or tracery, is wonderful. But why?

151 - Small Meeting Rooms * The larger meetings are, the less people get out of them. But institutions often put their money and attention into large meeting rooms and lecture halls.

39 - Housing Hill Every town has places in it which are so central and desirable that at least 30-50 households per acre will be living there. But the apartment houses which reach this density are almost all impersonal.

108 - Connected Buildings * Isolated buildings are symptoms of a disconnected sick society.

196 - Corner Doors * The success of a room depends to a great extent on the position of the doors. If the doors create a pattern of movement which destroys the places in the room, the room will never allow people to be comfortable.

39 - Housing Hill Every town has places in it which are so central and desirable that at least 30-50 households per acre will be living there. But the apartment houses which reach this density are almost all impersonal.

7 - The Countryside * I conceive that land belongs for use to a vast family of which many are dead, few are living, and countless members are still unborn. - a Nigerian tribesman

88 - Street Cafe ** The street cafe provides a unique setting, special to cities: a place where people can sit lazily, legitimately, be on view, and watch the world go by.

150 - A Place to Wait * The process of waiting has inherent conflicts in it.

79 - Your Own Home ** People cannot be genuinely comfortable and healthy in a house which is not theirs. All forms of rental - whether from private landlords or public housing agencies - work against the natural processes which allow people to form stable, self-healing communities.

160 - Building Edge ** A building is most often thought of as something which turns inward - toward its rooms. People do not often think of a building as something which must also be oriented toward the outside.

48 - Housing in Between ** Wherever there is a sharp separation between residential and nonresidential parts of town, the nonresidential areas will quickly turn to slums.

28 - Eccentric Nucleus * The random character of local densities confuses the identity of our communities, and also creates a chaos in the pattern of land use.

169 - Terraced Slope * On sloping land, erosion caused by run off can kill the soil. It also creates uneven distribution of rainwater over the land, which naturally does less for plant life than it could if it were evenly distributed.

42 - Industrial Ribbon * Exaggerated zoning laws separate industry from the rest of urban life completely, and contribute to the plastic unreality of sheltered residential neighborhoods.

225 - Frames as Thickened Edges ** Any homogeneous membrane which has holes in it will tend to rupture at the holes, unless the edges of the holes are reinforced by thickening.

140 - Private Terrace on the Street ** The relationship of a house to a street is often confused: either the house opens entirely to the street and there is no privacy; or the house turns its back on the street, and communion with street life is lost.

115 - Courtyards which Live ** The courtyards built in modern buildings are very often dead. They are intended to be private open spaces for people to use - but they end up unused, full of gravel and abstract sculptures.

116 - Cascade of Roofs * Few buildings will be structurally and socially intact, unless the floors step down toward the ends of wings, and unless the roof, accordingly, forms a cascade.

1 - Independent Regions ** Metropolitan regions will not come to balance until each one is small and autonomous enough to be an independent sphere of culture.

114 - Hierarchy of Open Space * Outdoors, people always try to find a spot where they can have their backs protected, looking out toward some larger opening, beyond the space immediately in front of them.

59 - Quiet Backs * Any one who has to work in noise, in offices with people all around, needs to be able to pause and refresh himself with quiet in a more natural situation.

128 - Indoor Sunlight * If the right rooms are facing south, a house is bright and sunny and cheerful; if the wrong rooms are facing south, the house is dark and gloomy.

97 - Shielded Parking * Large parking structures full of cars are inhuman and dead buildings - no one wants to see them or walk by them. At the same time, if you are driving, the entrance to a parking structure is essentially the main entrance to the building - and it needs to be visible.

206 - Efficient Structure * Some buildings have column and beam structures; others have load-bearing walls with slab floors; others are vaulted structures, or domes, or tents. But which of these, or what mixture of them, is actually the most efficient? What is the best way to distribute materials

242 - Front Door Bench * People like to watch the street.

88 - Street Cafe ** The street cafe provides a unique setting, special to cities: a place where people can sit lazily, legitimately, be on view, and watch the world go by.

182 - Eating Atmosphere When people eat together, they may actually be together in spirit - or they may be far apart. Some rooms invite people to eat leisurely and comfortably and feel together, while others force people to eat as quickly as possible so they can go somewhere else to relax.

92 - Bus Stop * Bus stops must be easy to recognize, and pleasant, with enough activity around them to make people comfortable and safe.

16 - Web of Public Transportation * The system of public transportation - the entire web of airplanes, helicopters, hovercraft, trains, boats, ferries, buses, taxis, mini-trains, carts, ski-lifts, moving sidewalks - can only work if all the parts are well connected. But they usually aren't,

19 - Web of Shopping * Shops rarely place themselves in those positions which best serve the people's needs, and also guarantee their own stability.

99 - Main Building * A complex of buildings with no center is like a man without a head.

129 - Common Areas at the Heart ** No social group - whether a family, a work group, or a school group - can survive without constant informal contact among its members.