1975 - Muhammad Ali defeats Joe Frazier in a boxing match in Manila, Philippines. 1969 - Joseph Patrick Moore, American musician, composer, and producer, born 1838 - Charles Tennant, Scottish chemist and businessman (born 1768), died data from zenquotes.io #history

2017 - An independence referendum, later declared illegal by the Constitutional Court of Spain, takes place in Catalonia. 1968 - Jay Underwood, American actor and pastor, born 2015 - Hadi Norouzi, Iranian footballer (born 1985), died data from zenquotes.io #history

1961 - East and West Cameroon merge to form the Federal Republic of Cameroon. 1927 - Sherman Glenn Finesilver, American lawyer and judge (died 2006), born 2019 - Karel Gott, Сzeсh singer (born 1939), died data from zenquotes.io #history

1791 - France's National Constituent Assembly is dissolved, to be replaced the next day by the National Legislative Assembly. 1918 - Lewis Nixon, U.S. Army captain (died 1995), born 2018 - Kim Larsen, Danish rock musician (born 1945), died data from zenquotes.io #history

1941 - World War II: The Babi Yar massacre comes to an end. 1922 - Lamont Johnson, American actor, director, and producer (died 2010), born 1974 - Carlos Prats, Chilean general and politician, Chilean Minister of Defense (born 1915), died data from zenquotes.io #history

1949 - The Berlin Airlift ends. 1921 - Deborah Kerr, Scottish-English actress (died 2007), born 1990 - Alice Parizeau, Polish-Canadian journalist and author (born 1930), died data from zenquotes.io #history

1954 - The U.S. Navy submarine USS Nautilus is commissioned as the world's first nuclear-powered vessel. 1922 - Lamont Johnson, American actor, director, and producer (died 2010), born 2017 - Monty Hall, American game show host (born 1921), died data from zenquotes.io #history

1551 - A coup by the military establishment of Japan's Ōuchi clan forces their lord to commit suicide, and their city is burned. 1991 - Thomas Röhler, German javelin thrower, born 940 - Fan Yanguang, Chinese general, died data from zenquotes.io #history

1978 - Finnair Flight 405 is hijacked by Aarno Lamminparras in Oulu, Finland. 1931 - Teresa Gorman, English educator and politician (died 2015), born 1942 - Hans-Joachim Marseille, German captain and pilot (born 1919), died data from zenquotes.io #history

1855 - The Philippine port of Iloilo is opened to world trade by the Spanish administration. 1703 - François Boucher, French painter and set designer (died 1770), born 2010 - Greg Giraldo, American comedian, actor, and screenwriter (born 1965), died data from zenquotes.io #history

1988 - NASA launches STS-26, the first Space Shuttle mission since the Challenger disaster. 1959 - Marissa Moss, American author, born 1987 - Henry Ford II, American businessman (born 1917), died data from zenquotes.io #history

1990 - The YF-22, which would later become the F-22 Raptor, flies for the first time. 1937 - Tom McKeown, American poet and educator, born 2012 - Malcolm Wicks, English academic and politician (born 1947), died data from zenquotes.io #history

1829 - The Metropolitan Police of London, later also known as the Met, is founded. 1954 - Cindy Morgan, American actress (died 2023), born 2006 - Walter Hadlee, New Zealand cricketer and manager (born 1915), died data from zenquotes.io #history

1267 - The Treaty of Montgomery recognises Llywelyn ap Gruffudd as Prince of Wales, but only as a vassal of King Henry III. 1978 - Nathan West, American actor, musician, and singer, born 2014 - Mary Cadogan, English author (born 1928), died data from zenquotes.io #history

1267 - The Treaty of Montgomery recognises Llywelyn ap Gruffudd as Prince of Wales, but only as a vassal of King Henry III. 1966 - Ben Miles, English actor, born 1902 - William McGonagall, Scottish poet and actor (born 1825), died data from zenquotes.io #history

1986 - The Democratic Progressive Party becomes the first opposition party in Taiwan. 1892 - Elmer Rice, American playwright (died 1967), born 1959 - Rudolf Caracciola, German race car driver (born 1901), died data from zenquotes.io #history

48 BC - Pompey disembarks at Pelusium upon arriving in Egypt, whereupon he is assassinated by order of King Ptolemy XIII. 1933 - Joe Benton, English soldier and politician, born 2019 - José José, Mexican musician and singer (born 1948), died data from zenquotes.io #history

1919 - Race riots begin in Omaha, Nebraska, United States. 1959 - Ron Fellows, Canadian race car driver, born 1829 - Nikolay Raevsky, Russian general and politician (born 1771), died data from zenquotes.io #history

2014 - The 2014 Hong Kong protests begin in response to restrictive political reforms imposed by the NPC in Beijing. 1916 - Olga Lepeshinskaya, Ukrainian-Russian ballerina and educator (died 2008), born 1197 - Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor (born 1165), died data from zenquotes.io #history

2012 - Sita Air Flight 601 crashes in Madhyapur Thimi, Nepal, killing all 19 passengers and crew. 1935 - Ronald Lacey, English actor (died 1991), born 135 - Rabbi Akiva, Jewish sage, martyr. (born c. 50), died data from zenquotes.io #history

2018 - The 7.5 Mw 2018 Sulawesi earthquake, which triggered a large tsunami, leaves 4,340 dead and 10,679 injured. 1957 - Bill Cassidy, American politician and physician, born 2014 - Tim Rawlings, English footballer and manager (born 1932), died data from zenquotes.io #history

1903 - "Wreck of the Old 97": an American rail disaster, in which 11 people are killed; it later becomes the subject of a popular ballad. 1985 - Daniel Pudil, Czech footballer, born 2008 - Henri Pachard, American director and producer (born 1939), died data from zenquotes.io #history

1988 - The National League for Democracy is formed by Aung San Suu Kyi and others to fight dictatorship in Myanmar. 1992 - Sam Lerner, American actor, born 1981 - Robert Montgomery, American actor, singer, director, and producer (born 1904), died data from zenquotes.io #history

1998 - The Google internet search engine retroactively claims this date as its birthday. 1271 - Wenceslaus II of Bohemia, King of Bohemia and Poland (died 1305), born 2007 - Dale Houston, American singer-songwriter (born 1940), died data from zenquotes.io #history

1938 - The ocean liner Queen Elizabeth is launched in Glasgow. 1964 - Stephan Jenkins, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer, born 1992 - Zhang Leping, Chinese comic artist (born 1910), died data from zenquotes.io #history

1964 - The British TSR-2 aircraft XR219 makes its maiden flight. 830 - Ermentrude of Orléans, Queen of the Franks (probable year; d. 869), born 1915 - Remy de Gourmont, French novelist, poet, and critic (born 1858), died data from zenquotes.io #history

1938 - The ocean liner Queen Elizabeth is launched in Glasgow. 1968 - Patrick Muldoon, American actor, born 1637 - Lorenzo Ruiz, Filipino saint (born c.1600), died data from zenquotes.io #history

46 BC - Julius Caesar dedicates a temple to Venus Genetrix, fulfilling a vow he made at the Battle of Pharsalus. 1974 - Martin Müürsepp, Estonian basketball player and coach, born 1946 - William Strunk Jr., American author and educator (born 1869), died data from zenquotes.io #history

1997 - A Garuda Indonesia Airbus A300 crashes near Medan airport, killing 234. 1966 - Craig Heyward, American football player (died 2006), born 1536 - Didier de Saint-Jaille, 46th Grandmaster of the Knights Hospitaller, died data from zenquotes.io #history

1954 - The Japanese rail ferry Tōya Maru sinks during a typhoon in the Tsugaru Strait, Japan, killing 1,172. 1991 - Dan Preston, English footballer, born 2013 - Seánie Duggan, Irish hurler (born 1922), died data from zenquotes.io #history

715 - Ragenfrid defeats Theudoald at the Battle of Compiègne. 1936 - Winnie Madikizela-Mandela, South African academic and politician, 8th First Lady of South Africa (died 2018), born 2013 - Mario Montez, Puerto Rican-American actor (born 1935), died data from zenquotes.io #history

1345 - Friso-Hollandic Wars: Frisians defeat Holland in the Battle of Warns. 1901 - George Raft, American actor, singer, and dancer (died 1980), born 1371 - Jovan Uglješa, Serbian despot, died data from zenquotes.io #history

1789 - George Washington appoints Thomas Jefferson the first United States Secretary of State. 1848 - Henry Walters, American art collector and philanthropist (died 1931), born 1952 - George Santayana, Spanish philosopher, novelist, and poet (born 1863), died data from zenquotes.io #history

1987 - Fijian Governor-General Penaia Ganilau is overthrown in a coup d'état led by Lieutenant colonel Sitiveni Rabuka. 1954 - Juande Ramos, Spanish footballer and manager, born 1918 - Mikhail Alekseyev, Russian general (born 1857), died data from zenquotes.io #history

1237 - England and Scotland sign the Treaty of York, establishing the location of their common border. 1926 - Aldo Ray, American actor (died 1991), born 1968 - Hans F. K. Günther, German eugenicist and academic (born 1891), died data from zenquotes.io #history

1964 - The Mozambican War of Independence against Portugal begins. 1985 - Marvin Matip, German footballer, born 1961 - Frank Fay, American actor and singer (born 1897), died data from zenquotes.io #history

2018 - Bill Cosby is sentenced to three to ten years in prison for aggravated sexual assault. 1956 - Miroslav Volf, Croatian Protestant theologian and public intellectual, born 1703 - Archibald Campbell, 1st Duke of Argyll, Scottish general (born 1658), died data from zenquotes.io #history

1956 - TAT-1, the first submarine transatlantic telephone cable system, is inaugurated. 1968 - John A. List, American economist and academic, born 1941 - Foxhall P. Keene, American polo player, golfer, and race car driver (born 1867), died data from zenquotes.io #history

1959 - S. W. R. D. Bandaranaike, Prime Minister of Ceylon, is mortally shot by a Buddhist monk, Talduwe Somarama, and dies the next day. 1977 - Clea DuVall, American actress, born 1550 - Georg von Blumenthal, German bishop (born 1490), died data from zenquotes.io #history

2007 - Between 30,000 and 100,000 people take part in anti-government protests in Yangon, Burma, the largest in 20 years. 1972 - Conor Burns, British politician, born 1435 - Isabeau of Bavaria (born 1370), died data from zenquotes.io #history

2013 - A 7.7-magnitude earthquake strikes southern Pakistan, killing at least 327 people. 1473 - Georg von Frundsberg, German Knight and landowner (died 1528), born 1892 - Patrick Gilmore, Irish-American soldier and composer (born 1829), died data from zenquotes.io #history

1853 - Admiral Despointes formally takes possession of New Caledonia in the name of France. 1987 - Matthew Connolly, English footballer, born 2012 - Pierre Adam, French cyclist (born 1924), died data from zenquotes.io #history

2008 - Thabo Mbeki resigns as president of South Africa. 1920 - Jan Carew, Guyanese-American author, poet, and playwright (died 2012), born 1976 - Philip Gbeho, Ghanaian composer and educator (born 1904), died data from zenquotes.io #history

1950 - The eastern United States is covered by a thick haze from the Chinchaga fire in western Canada. 1958 - Kevin Sorbo, American actor and producer, born 1938 - Lev Schnirelmann, Belarusian-Russian mathematician and academic (born 1900), died data from zenquotes.io #history

2023 - NASA's OSIRIS-REx capsule containing samples from the asteroid 101955 Bennu successfully lands back on Earth. 1878 - Charles-Ferdinand Ramuz, Swiss author and poet (died 1947), born 1978 - James Bassett, American journalist and author (born 1912), died data from zenquotes.io #history

1947 - A magnitude 6.9 earthquake strikes South Khorasan in Iran, killing over 500 people. 1936 - Sylvain Saudan, Swiss skier, born 1461 - Charles, Prince of Viana, King of Navarre (born 1421), died data from zenquotes.io #history

1951 - George VI, king of the United Kingdom, has his left lung removed in an operation after a malignant tumour was found. 1935 - Prem Chopra, Indian actor, born 1997 - Natalie Savage Carlson, American author (born 1906), died data from zenquotes.io #history

1905 - Norway and Sweden sign the Karlstad Treaty, peacefully dissolving the Union between the two countries. 1979 - Ricky Davis, American basketball player, born 1992 - James Van Fleet, American general (born 1892), died data from zenquotes.io #history

1918 - World War I: The Battle of Haifa takes place in present-day Israel, part of the Ottoman Empire at that time. 1771 - Emperor Kōkaku of Japan (died 1840), born 1979 - Catherine Lacey, English actress (born 1904), died data from zenquotes.io #history

1918 - World War I: The Battle of Haifa takes place in present-day Israel, part of the Ottoman Empire at that time. 1958 - Tony Fossas, Cuban-American baseball player and coach, born 1508 - Beatrice of Naples, queen consort of Hungary (born 1457), died data from zenquotes.io #history