From medicine to geo-guessing, humans can get incredibly good at solving visual recognition tasks. But how is this skill learned, and can we model its progression? We present CleverBirds, accepted #NeurIPS2025, a large-scale benchmark for visual knowledge tracing. 📄 arxiv.org/abs/2511.08512 1/5

Excited to share my first work as a PhD student at EdinburghNLP that I will be presenting at EMNLP! RQ1: Can we achieve scalable oversight across modalities via debate? Yes! We show that debating VLMs lead to better model quality of answers for reasoning tasks.