J. van Spanje. Controlling the Electoral Marketplace: How Established Parties Ward Off Competition. Palgrave Macmillan, 2019.

Germany: J. Siri. “The Alternative for Germany after the 2017 Election”. In: German Politics 27.1 (2018), pp. 141-145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09644008.2018.1445724.

L. P. Santoso. “From Collaboration to Convergence: Nativist Attitudes Among Non-Radical Right Supporters”. In: European Journal of Political Research online first (2025). http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1475-6765.12754.

G. Echeverría and C. Finotelli. “Much Ado About Nothing? Giorgia Meloni's Government And Immigration”. In: Contemporary Italian Politics 16.2 (2024), pp. 233-247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23248823.2024.2330805.

Z. Enyedi. “Illiberal Conservatism, Civilisationalist Ethnocentrism, And Paternalist Populism in Orbán's Hungary”. In: Contemporary Politics 30.4 (2024), pp. 494-511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13569775.2023.2296742.

the effect of immigration and the #RadicalRight F. Wagner, D. Schafer, and M. Yavuz. “Opposition to Government and Back: How Illiberal Parties Shape Immigration Discourse and Party Competition”. In: Politics and Governance 13.0 (2025). http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/pag.9609.

Are you interested in euroscepticism? → I. Kolovos. “Contemporary Machiavellian Fascists? The Case of Greece's Golden Dawn Party”. In: Machiavelli, Marketing and Management. Revisited. London: Routledge, 2025.

the effect of immigration and the #RadicalRight S. Dochow-Sondershaus and C. Teney. “Opinion Polarization of Immigration and EU Attitudes Between Social Classes - the Limiting Role of Working Class Dissensus”. In: European Societies 0.0 (2024), pp. 1-32.

Are you interested in the #AfD? K. Arzheimer, T. Bernemann, and T. Sprang. “Oppression of Catholics in Prussia Does Not Explain Spatial Differences in Support for the Radical Right in Germany. A Critique of Haffert (2022)”. In: Electoral Studies 89 (2024), p. 102789.

Are you interested in the #RadicalRight in Greece? → A. A. Ellinas. “The Rise of Golden Dawn. The New Face of the Far Right in Greece”. In: South European Society and Politics 18.4 (2013), pp. 543-565.

Portugal: T. Gallagher. “Portugal. The Marginalization of the Extreme Right”. In: The Extreme Right in Europe and the USA. Ed. by P. Hainsworth. London: Pinter, 1992.

Want to know more about the #FdI? G. Baldini, F. Tronconi, and D. Angelucci. “Yet Another Populist Party? Understanding the Rise of Brothers Of Italy”. In: South European Society and Politics 27.3 (2022), pp. 385-405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13608746.2022.2159625.

A. Heinze. Strategien gegen Rechtspopulismus? Der Umgang mit der AfD in Landesparlamenten. Baden-Baden: Nomos, 2020.

Find addtional stuff on the Extreme Right in Europe at https://www.kai-arzheimer.com/extreme-right-western-europe-bibliography/

attitudes, ideology, personality and the #RadicalRight B. Hagtvet. “Right-wing Extremism in Europe”. In: Journal of Peace Research 31.3 (1994), pp. 241-246.

Are you interested in subnational conditions? → S. Hellmeier and J. Vüllers. “Dynamics and Determinants of Right-Wing Populist Mobilisation in Germany”. In: West European Politics online first (2022), pp. 1-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2022.2135909.

D. Cohen. “Ökonomisches Risiko und die elektorale Anziehungskraft der AfD”. In: Wahlen und Wähler. Analysen aus Anlass der Bundestagswahl 2017. Ed. by B. Weßels and H. Schoen. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien, 2021, pp. 297-320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-33582-3 15.

Are you interested in the #AfD? P. D. König. “Support for a Populist Form of Democratic Politics or Political Discontent? How Conceptions of Democracy Relate to Support for the AfD”. In: Electoral Studies 78 (2022), p. online first. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electstud.2022.102493.

A. Pedahzur and L. Weinberg. “Modern European Democracy and Its Enemies: The Threat of the Extreme Right”. In: Totalitarian Movements and Political Religions 2.1 (2001), pp. 52-72.

Want to include you own research? Check out the bibliography at https://www.kai-arzheimer.com/extreme-right-western-europe-bibliography, DM @kai_arzheimer

group conflict and the #RadicalRight M. Kott. “The Far Right in Latvia. Should We Be Worried?” In: Trouble on the Far Right : Contemporary Right-Wing Strategies and Practices in Europe. Ed. by M. Fielitz and L. L. Laloire. Bielefeld: Transcript Verlag, 2016, pp. 179-187.

subnational conditions: S. Brouard and M. Foucault. “Forecasting the Rise of the Front National During the 2014 Municipal Elections”. In: French Politics 12.4 (2014), pp. 338-347. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/fp.2014.19.

the media: C. Knüpfer and M. Hoffmann. “Countering the "Climate Cult" - Framing Cascades in Far-Right Digital Networks”. In: Political Communication 42.1 (2025), pp. 85-107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10584609.2024.2332762.

L. Bos, C. Schemer, N. Corbu, et al. “The Effects of Populism as a Social Identity Frame on Persuasion and Mobilisation: Evidence From a 15-country Experiment”. In: European Journal of Political Research 59.1 (2020), pp. 3-24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1475-6765.12334.

S. Volk and M. Weisskircher. “Defending Democracy Against the 'Corona Dictatorship'? Far-Right PEGIDA During the COVID-19 Pandemic”. In: Social Movement Studies online first (2023), pp. 1-19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14742837.2023.2171385.

Do you know of interesting research that I'm missing? Check out the bibliography at https://www.kai-arzheimer.com/extreme-right-western-europe-bibliography, DM @kai_arzheimer

Are you interested in attitudes, ideology, personality? → R. Eatwell. “Introduction. The New Extreme Right Challenge”. In: Western Democracies and the New Extreme Right Challenge. Ed. by R. Eatwell and C. Mudde. London, New York: Routledge, 2004, pp. 1-16.

Published in 2021: O. Klein and A. L. P. Pirro. “Reverting Trajectories? UKIP's Organisational and Discursive Change After the Brexit Referendum”. In: Information, Communication & Society 24.10 (2021), pp. 1382-1400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2020.1792532.

H. Betz. “Radikaler Rechtspopulismus in Westeuropa”. In: Rechtsextremismus. Ergebnisse und Perspektiven der Forschung (=PVS Sonderheft 27). Ed. by J. W. Falter, H. Jaschke and J. Winkler. Opladen: Westdeutscher Verlag, 1996, pp. 363-375.

group conflict: B. N. Field and S. A. S. de Oger. “Cracking the Door Open: Governing Alliances Between Mainstream And Radical Right Parties in Spain's Regions”. In: Revista Española de Ciencia Política (2024), pp. 37-64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21308/recp.64.02.

Published in 2021: N. Spierings and S. Glas. “Green Or Gender-Modern Nativists. Do They Exist and Do They Vote for Right-Wing Populist Parties?” In: Australian Feminist Studies 36.110 (2021), pp. 448-468. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08164649.2022.2051166.

Published in 1996: R. W. Jackman and K. Volpert. “Conditions Favouring Parties of the Extreme Right in Western Europe”. In: British Journal of Political Science 26 (1996), pp. 501-521.

I'm getting my 15 pages of fame. Awkward. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/2474736X.2025.2549079

Are you interested in populism? → A. Zaslove. “The Populist Radical Right in Government: The Structure and Agency of Success and Failure”. In: Comparative European Politics 10.4 (2012), pp. 421-448. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/cep.2011.19.

Are you interested in group conflict? → M. E. Bergman. “Labour Market Policies and Support for Populist Radical Right Parties. The Role of Nostalgic Producerism, Occupational Risk, and Feedback Effects”. In: European Political Science Review 14.4 (2022), pp. 520-543.

Are you interested in attitudes, ideology, personality? → C. T. Husbands. “Extreme Right-Wing Politics in Great Britain: The Recent Marginalisation of the National Front”. In: Right-Wing Extremism in Western Europe. Ed. by K. Beyme. London: Frank Cass, 1988, pp. 65-79.

Published in 1998: T. F. Pettigrew. “Reactions toward the New Minorities of Western Europe”. In: Annual Review of Sociology 24 (1998), pp. 77-103.

My merry maker wrote a research note about me. Very awkward.

E. Borghetto, L. Manucci, and D. A. Epp. “Is the Populist Robin Hood a Fairy Tale? Parliamentary Attention To Social Welfare”. In: Journal of European Public Policy online first (2025), pp. 1-34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2025.2490809.

Germany and the US: F. G. Neuner, Z. Kirill, C. S. Bruno, et al. “Comparing Revealed and Expressed Populism: The Case of Voting For The 'Alternative Für Deutschland' and 'Die Linke'”. In: German Politics online first (2025), pp. 1-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09644008.2025.2483225.

L. M. Brown and G. E. Lopez. “Political Contacts. Analyzing the Role of Similarity in Theories of Prejudice”. In: Political Psychology 22.2 (2001), pp. 279-292. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0162-895X.00239.

Want to know more about the #AfD? R. Rohrschneider and S. Whitefield. “Party Positions about European Integration in Germany: An Electoral Quandary?” In: German Politics 26.1 (2017), pp. 83-103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09644008.2016.1189532.

G. Ivaldi and E. Zankina. “Introduction”. In: The Impacts of the Russian Invasion of Ukraine on Right-Wing Populism in Europe. Ed. by G. Ivaldi and E. Zankina. Brussels: European Center for Populism Studies (ECPS), 2023, pp. 16-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.55271/rp0034.

opportunity structures and the #RadicalRight S. Beyens, P. Lucardie, and K. Deschouwer. “The Life and Death of New Political Parties in the Low Countries”. In: West European Politics 39.2 (2016), pp. 257-277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2015.1066589.

Are you interested in attitudes, ideology, personality? → J. Nonnemacher. “Do Voters Pay Attention to Transnational Politics? Party Positions, Transnational Families, and Voter Perceptions”. In: British Journal of Political Science 55 (2025), p. online first.

opportunity structures: A. Gugushvili, D. Halikiopoulou, and T. Vlandas. “Downward Class Mobility and Far-Right Party Support in Western Europe”. In: Political Behavior (2025). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11109-025-10033-7.

L. Wichgers, L. Jacobs, and J. van Spanje. “Trial and Error: Hate Speech Prosecution and Its (unintended) Effects on Democratic Support”. In: Acta Politica 57.1 (2022), pp. 143-166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41269-020-00177-1.

Published in 1997: J. W. P. Veugelers. “Social Cleavage and the Revival of Far Right Parties: The Case of France's National Front”. In: Acta Sociologica 40 (1997), pp. 31-49.

attitudes, ideology, personality and the #RadicalRight A. van Hiel. “A psycho-political profile of party activists and left-wing and right-wing extremists”. In: European Journal of Political Research 51 (2012), pp. 166-203.

A. L. P. Pirro. “The Contemporary Far Right From Contra to Control”. In: Political Communication 41.6 (2024), pp. 1017-1022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10584609.2024.2414256.