Fantastic new paper by Schindler et al. generalizing the notion of "observational" entropy. I've previously claimed obs. entropy is just the right way to think about "entropy" physics, as it encompasses/unifies many other versions. This is the even more right way. arxiv.org/pdf/2503.15612.

Keep The Future Human is out today. (🧵, link at end) Humanity has got about a year or two left to decide whether we're going to replace ourselves with machines – starting individually, then as a species.

Fortunately for humanity, it is only simulating doing professor-level mathematics and passing tests specifically targeting AGI.

Posting this illustrative graph from Epoch AI's nice new dashboard in case anyone doubts that there has been major progress in AI since GPT-4 launched. This "PhD-level" science benchmark goes from slightly above guessing to expert human level.