Three days of our sun's corona - E hemisphere rotated 90° clockwise. Large sunspot groups N and S of the equator are approaching the E limb. They are magnetically connected. We can see two large solar storm (CME) launches. In some days possible CMEs might be earth-directed.

☀️ A closer look at the supra-arcade downflows (SAD, SADpoles) during the M3.3 flare on Jan. 11 with higher temporal resolution and different colours (R/G/B 131/193/171Å). SADs are sunward-traveling plasma voids sometimes observed above arcades – a bundle of magnetic coronal loops.

Moderate long-duration M3.3 solar flare from active region ex4321 behind the southeast limb (rotated 90° clockwise) We see moving field lines, supra-arcade downflows, post-eruptive arcades, ejected magnetic field ☀️ SDO AIA 171Å (G), 211Å (R), 304Å (R), 131Å (B) + 195Å Base Diff (B)

🔮Speculation about the development of the interplanetary magnetic field: Bz remains negative for the next few hours (possible West-South-East Flux rope) 🔮

Little filament eruption from the vicinity of region 4339 near the solar center. Dimming is visible (plasma gone), a C2.1 flare occurred and a coronal mass ejection, observed to the south in SOHO LASCO C2/C3 coronagraphs. It may graze earth January 13 (weak, very high uncertainty)

Aurora caught in Berlin, 2025-01-10 2314 UTC

Diffuse red aurora, green arc - Peilturm Kap Arkona, Rügen, Germany, 54°N, 13°E, 2026-01-10 1800 UTC

Solar Synoptic Map: Coronal holes dominate the disk. Fast winds of CH12 and CH13 arrived Jan 08. Region 4334 is responsible for the incoming solar storms, a first CME is already geoeffective, one or two more expected to arrive soon, mid-latitudes aurora possible (G1-G3 storm)

The side view of the Earth-Sun axis from STEREO A sat shows CMEs extending well north of the axis, indicating a good chance that one or two CMEs will reach us and not pass south of us. However, we cannot tell whether they will pass “behind” the Earth and miss us to the east.

Not much remains of the filaments in the central south of the visible solar disk. Several eruptions have blown them away today. (GONG H-alpha & SDO AIA 171/193/211 Å imagery)

Triple eruption feat. sunspot region 4334: C2.7 flare C5.6 flare filament lift off type IV radio sweep (possible CME or 'solar storm' with shockwave) C3.4 flare filament lift off type II radio sweep 855 km/s (possible CME that fast) earth-directed CMEs likely

C-class flares, filament eruptions, two coronal holes, CMEs with glancing blow potential - new forecast article (German) raumwetter.de/filament-eru...

Another C-class flare from the vicinity of sunspot group 4334 – it remains unclear whether material left the corona or whether we are observing a failed eruption.

Eruption in 2 acts 1) A filament north of 4334 with a C2.1 flare peaking at 0026z 2) Likely higher in the corona mainly visible as dimming in 211 Å with a long duration C2.8 flare peaking at 0206z Two CMEs are visible in coronagraphs: 1 eastward, 1 southeastward

C3.3 solar flare from sunspot group 4333/4330. A connected filament erupted partially. Some dimming appeared SE of it and possibly an associated coronal mass ejection toward the southwest. We have to wait for model outputs and see if it has any earth-directed components.

Solar Synoptic Map: - Many filaments all over the disc - Active regions mostly inactive (minor flares only) - Two tiny (+) polarised coronal holes - Large trans-equatorial (–) coronal hole split into two halves Some filament eruptions today, more eruptions likely

☀️ A series of filament eruptions shows that the sun is magnetically reconfiguring. some to the E⬅️ - several CMEs ('solar storms'), one maybe w/ earth-directed components - interaction w/ large coronal hole + sunspots one to the SW↘️ and one dancing filament at the N pole

Quiet sun – A large (trans-)equatorial coronal hole is approaching the central meridian. Some models predict the arrival of its fast solar wind as early as January 7.

CME impact ('solar storm') starting around 2100 UTC 04 Jan – not very strong with a southward field between -5 and -7 nT. Maybe not enough for mid-latitudes aurora but I wouldn't rule out some short substorms.

Possible weak glancing blow of a coronal mass ejection ('solar storm') starting around UTC noon 03 Jan. Arrival speed of 550 km/s indicates an eruption on 31 Dec. Maybe the CME associated with the M7 flare?

Synoptic Sun The expected CME from 31 Dec has probably missed us. Current fast solar wind most likely from coronal hole CH10- that possibly expanded southward. All active regions are in decay but 4323: flux emergence & growth 4334 looks simple but filament activity involved

Synoptic map of the Sun: 4324 and 4325 still the largest regions with highest flare/CME potential, 4325 is showing signs of decay New region near the east limb Coronal hole CH10 is responsible for fast solar winds 500-600 km/s but leaving Center: Some filaments, unstable?

Eruptive C6.2 flare from sunspot region 4324 near the central meridian - We see brightening of the core filament, dimming and a coronal wave. A small transient coronal hole appeared to the south. The associated CME seems to be deflected NNE with earth-directed components.

Another view: Filament eruption – Southeast limb of the sun

Filament eruption – Southeast limb of the sun

M7.1 solar flare from active region 4324 in the NE of the sun. Type II (est. 893 km/s) and Type IV radio emissions detected - indicative of a coronal mass ejection with shockwave. Coronal wave and dimming suggests bulk facing NE but given the position earth-directed comp. likely.

Synoptic map of the sun ☀️ Four regions with high flare potential Many new small sunspot groups in the southeast Unstable filaments near the eastern limb Coronal hole CH10- will bring us fast solar wind soon

Sun Nervous filament First try: failed eruption Second try: partial eruption

Sun: Region 4317 produced an M4.2 solar flare, with broadband microwave radio emissions at 12-28 2239 UTC. Imagery shows slowly opening field lines westwards (➜), a dissipating core filament and dimming to both sides E+W of the flare. CME w/ earth-directed components possible.

New forecast article discusses current coronal holes and active regions with an increased chance for M-class solar flares and coronal mass ejections. Connection with coronal hole CH10- expected 31 Dec, up to 600 km/s; Currently no earth-directed CMEs observed raumwetter.de/grosse-solar...

Believe it or not, this is the fourth time we have seen this active region, 4324. It was previously known as 4246, 4274, and 4299. Each of these numbers has brought us CMEs that have resulted in beautiful auroras. What will this rotation bring us?

Strong M5.1 solar flare from the vicinity of newly numbered sunspot group 4323. Type II radio emissions (788 km/s) were observed together with a coronal mass ejection facing solar east. The video shows opening field lines and post-eruptive arcades.

Solar activity: Flaring regions 4294, 4296, 4299, 4304 are back. They have matured and may no longer produce CMEs. We'll see.

Synoptic map of the sun Waning connection with coronal hole CH09+ (decreasing solar wind speed) Two regions of interest: 4317 - large but simple 4321 - unusual N-S orientation + rapid initial growth No larger flares/CMEs so far… Filament S of 4321 unstable, may erupt

Filament eruption from the vicinity of region 4316 (SE of the sun). We can see some material lifting off. Maybe we'll see a CME later in coronagraphs. ☀️

Synoptic map of the Sun Large coronal hole CH09+ is dominating earth's space weather with fast solar wind + stream interaction regions Some smaller filaments 5 numbered sunspot groups largest & most complex 4317, but mostly quiet new 4316 complex and growing, M1.3 flare today

Eruptive M1.0 solar flare from a small new unnumbered region in the NE of the sun. Type II radio emissions detected, estimated speed 558 km/s ☞ We have to wait and see whether it has any earth-directed components ☀️

A new active region behind the eastern limb of the sun is showing coronal rain and some C-class flaring. It is located slightly north of the equator between 0 and 30 Carrington longitude. It seems to be still growing.

New forecast article: Mostly quiet sun – Fast solar wind followed by slow solar wind followed by fast solar wind (German) raumwetter.de/ruhige-sonne...

Large filament lift-off on the sun's far side

Coronal streamers produce slow solar wind – they form above boundaries separating opposite magnetic polarity in the Sun's photosphere.

☀️ Turbulent corona ☀️

Base Difference imagery shows not only a filament lift-off near the SW limb of the sun but also large dimming NW of region 4307. We may see a coronal mass ejection with earth-directed components later.

Synoptic map of the Sun: Only three small active regions are visible on the disc. 4307 is showing some growth. Transequatorial coronal hole CH08 has now merged with CH06 and is crossing the central meridian. Its fast solar wind is expected to arrive 17 December.

☀️ Eruptive C8.9 solar flare from region 4294 near the western limb of the sun. The actual strength of the flare is probably higher, as it is partially obscured by the limb.

It took more than 24 hours for this solar filament (prominence) to lift off.

☀️ M2.0, M1.1 solar flare form regions 4296/4294 with strong radio emissions and some ejected material. At the end of the clip we can see post-eruptive arcades. The flare in magenta (SDO AIA 131 Å), magnetic loops in green (SDO AIA 171 Å), red: chromosphere with filaments (304 Å) ☀️

An interesting, complicated constellation of coronal holes with many open field lines and adjacent active regions. It is possible that we will see multiple stream interaction regions in the coming days with enhanced geomagnetic activity.

Eruptive M4.5 solar flare from active region 4294 that is now located near the western limb of the sun. Impressive field line opening, coronal wave with wiggling field lines and a Moray eel filament. A westward heading coronal mass ejection is visible in coronagraphs.

CME impact with southward magnetic field: Bz -15 nT, speed 500 km/s – strong potential magnetic convection CPCP 191 kV. If it holds G2-G3 geomagnetic storm possible. Substorm expansion over Europe right now. Northern mid latitudes aurora likely.