The current criteria modified from KDIGO for neonatal AKI underestimate its prevalence. Read this Original Article on establishing a reference range for serum creatinine in the neonatal population & re-defining neonatal AKI. link.springer.com/article/10.1...

Lupus nephritis (LN) is a severe manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), affecting up to 1/3 of pediatric SLE patients. Read this Systematic Review /Meta-analysis of efficacy of mycophenolate mofetil vs. cyclophosphamide in mgmt of childhood-onset LN. link.springer.com/article/10.1...

Early detection of ophthalmological & kidney complications of hypertension in children & adolescents may help w/prophylaxis & prevent irreversible organ damage. Read this Original Article on retinal vascular density in children w/HT. Open Access link.springer.com/article/10.1...

Lesch–Nyhan syndrome is a rare X-linked recessive disorder. It is characterized by severe neurological manifestations & self-injurious behavior. Kidney involvement is an underrecognized but important aspect. Read these Clinical Insights for more. link.springer.com/article/10.1...

Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia (FHH) is a rare genetic disorder of calcium regulation. FHH type 3 (FHH3) is caused by pathogenic variants in AP2S1. Read these Clinical Insights on cinacalcet therapy in a symptomatic 11-yr-old girl w/FHH3. link.springer.com/article/10.1...

Adolescent primary hypertension is associated w/decreased neurocognitive performance, suggesting early target organ damage to the brain. Read this Original Article on brain magnetic resonance imaging in adolescents w/primary hypertension. link.springer.com/article/10.1...

Albuminuria is an established early marker of kidney damage & a strong predictor of cardiovascular risk. Read this Original Article on the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels & urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio among Korean adolescents. link.springer.com/article/10.1...

Neonatal AKI is common in infants born extremely preterm (EPT, <28 wks gestation), is assoc w/increased mortality & likely to be assoc w/kidney dysfunction later in life. Read this Original Article on AKI in EPT infants: findings from an Australian study. link.springer.com/article/10.1...

Tacrolimus is an essential immunosuppressive therapy to prevent acute rejection post-kidney transplantation. Read this Original Article on tacrolimus trough levels on acute rejection in pediatric kidney transplant recipients. Open Access link.springer.com/article/10.1...

Sickle cell disease (SCD) induces early kidney abnormalities, beginning in childhood w/glomerular hyperfiltration & progressing to CKD. Read this Original Article on kidney function monitoring in pediatric SCD: evidence from the NEPHRODREPA study. link.springer.com/article/10.1...

Children w/refractory nephrotic syndrome (NS) often experience frequent relapses despite combination immunosuppressive therapy. Read this Original Article on scheduled rituximab in children w/refractory NS after multi-target therapy failure. Open Access link.springer.com/article/10.1...

Exploring the role & scope of microbiota-targeted therapies in pediatric CKD is important. Read this Review of gut-targeted therapies for restoring a balanced gut microbiota, & their effects on clinical outcomes in pediatric CKD. Free access this month. bit.ly/44R2Nmt

Although use of RAAS inhibitors is contraindicated in the 2nd & 3rd trimesters of pregnancy, a relevant number of pregnancies are still exposed. Read this Original Article on postnatal & long-term outcomes after in utero exposure to RAAS-I. Open Access link.springer.com/article/10.1...

CKD is associated w/poorer neurocognitive outcomes, & individuals under 25 are uniquely impacted due to concurrent brain development. Read this Systematic Review /Meta-analysis of neuroimaging findings in children & young adults w/CKD. Open Access link.springer.com/article/10.1...

High sodium intake is a key element in hypertension development, but strategies aimed at reducing its consumption have had limited impact at a population level. Read this Original Article on increased fluid intake & BP in healthy children. Open Access link.springer.com/article/10.1...

Read this Educational Review of the main physiological processes contributing to blood pressure & their relevance to treating primary hypertension in children & young people: Precision approaches to pediatric hypertension. Open Access link.springer.com/article/10.1...

Knowledge of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is essential for treatment & monitoring of children w/a malignancy. Read this Review of gold standard GFR measurement & estimation in pediatric oncology – indications & limitations. Open Access link.springer.com/article/10.1...

Kidney transplantation is the gold standard treatment for children & young people w/stage 5 CKD. Read this Systematic Review/Meta-analysis of psychosocial factors influencing pediatric kidney transplantation access, outcomes & quality of life. Open Access link.springer.com/article/10.1...

The editors & authors would like to thank those who reviewed manuscripts in 2025. Their work is essential to maintain the Journal's high standards. Read this Reviewer thank you to referees who reviewed manuscripts between Sept 1, 2024-Aug 31, 2025. link.springer.com/article/10.1...

C3 glomerulopathy (C3G) & immune complex-mediated membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis are on a spectrum of glomerular disease. Read this Original Article on pegcetacoplan for idiopathic & familial pediatric C3G. Open Access link.springer.com/article/10.1...

Patients on dialysis frequently require antimicrobial administration for a variety of reasons, including sepsis. Read this Review of antimicrobial pharmacokinetics in pediatric patients on kidney replacement therapy. Open Access link.springer.com/article/10.1...

There is little information on distribution of diseases leading to KF in children living in the emerging world. Read this Original Article - an overview of the underlying disease spectrum in children commencing kidney replacement therapy. Open Access link.springer.com/article/10.1...

CKD is a growing global health challenge, often progressing silently until advanced stages. Read this Review of early detection of proteinuria to prevent kidney fibrosis & progression to kidney failure in Japan. Open Access link.springer.com/article/10.1...

Pediatric kidney transplantation in patients w/inherited disorders & associated congenital anomalies is a challenge, especially in low weight recipients. Read this Mgmt Dilemma re overcoming anatomical barriers in pediatric kidney transplantation. Open Access link.springer.com/article/10.1...

Primary mitochondrial diseases are rare, heterogeneous multisystem disorders. Although kidney involvement is recognized, data on kidney transplantation are limited. Read this Systematic Review /Meta-analysis for more. Open Access link.springer.com/article/10.1...

Kidney failure (KF) leads to reduced lifespan & compromised health. Alport syndrome (AS) is a leading hereditary cause of KF in children. Read this Original Article on angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor in children & adolescents w/AS. Open Access link.springer.com/article/10.1...

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a relatively recent technology, first applied in clinical contexts in the early 1970s. Read this Educational Review of the use of NIRS to measure kidney oxygenation in the neonatal ICU. Free access this month. bit.ly/4pAcjlU

Studies demonstrate that elevated renin is associated w/adverse outcomes in critical illness. Read this Original Article on how serum renin levels refine AKI prediction in critically ill children. Open Access link.springer.com/article/10.1...

IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulonephritis, typically presenting early in life, often in young adults but also frequently in childhood. Read this Review of new IgAN therapies: from adult data to application in children. link.springer.com/article/10.1...

AKI is common in very-low-birthweight (VLBW) infants, & fluid overload & dehydration can lead to AKI. Read this Original Article on high early fluid & sodium intake as risk factors for AKI in VLBW infants. Open Access link.springer.com/article/10.1...

Failure to thrive (FTT) is a common clinical concern in pediatric patients w/tubulopathies. Read this Educational Review of current evidence on the pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical presentation & management of FTT in pediatric tubulopathies. link.springer.com/article/10.1...

Monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (MNE) affects 10–15% of school-age children. Read this Original Article comparing health-related quality of life in children & adolescents w/MNE under therapy vs. allergic bronchial asthma & other conditions. Open Access link.springer.com/article/10.1...

Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome is the most common CKD in childhood, w/steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) the predominant form. Read this Original Article on immunogenicity of the 23-valent polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine in children w/SSNS. link.springer.com/article/10.1...

CKD causes significant morbidity & mortality among children w/heart failure. Read this Original Article on heart-kidney transplant outcomes compared to heart-only transplants in children w/non-dialysis-dependent advanced CKD. link.springer.com/article/10.1...

Ultrasonography (US) is the preferred first-line imaging modality for suspected urinary calculi in children because it is non-invasive & avoids radiation exposure. Read this Original Article on US in pediatric urinary stone diagnosis. link.springer.com/article/10.1...

Sodium imbalance is a common concern in children w/kidney diseases. Read these Guidelines on dietary management of sodium in children w/kidney diseases from the Pediatric Renal Nutrition Taskforce. Open Access link.springer.com/article/10.1...

MYH9-related disease is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by macrothrombocytopenia, leukocyte inclusion bodies & variable non-hematologic manifestations. Read these Clinical Insights re-evaluating the MYH9 p.I1816V variant. Open Access link.springer.com/article/10.1...

Hemodialysis (HD) is a method of kidney replacement therapy designed to remove uremic toxins from the body. Read this Original Article on correlation of serum beta-2 microglobulin with HD prescription & comorbid factors in children undergoing chronic HD. link.springer.com/article/10.1...

Nephropathy in nail-patella syndrome (NPS) has limited therapeutic options. Read this Original Article on clinicopathological characteristics & cyclosporine-responsive proteinuria in NPS w/a novel LMX1B mutation. link.springer.com/article/10.1...

Renal scar can lead to HT & cardiovascular disease in children. Arterial stiffness is an important endpoint in the development of cardiovascular diseases. Read this Original Article on galectin-3, sclerostin & arterial stiffness in children w/renal scar. link.springer.com/article/10.1...

Alport syndrome (AS) is a hereditary glomerulopathy caused by mutations in the COL4A3, COL4A4, or COL4A5 genes, leading to kidney decline. Read this Review of AS classification & treatment - standard interventions & experimental therapies. Open Access link.springer.com/article/10.1...

Diabetic kidney disease is the primary cause of kidney failure in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Read this Original Article on which glomerular filtration rate estimation equations should be used in youth w/T1D. Open Access link.springer.com/article/10.1...

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a relatively recent technology, first applied in clinical contexts in the early 1970s. Read this Ed Review of use of NIRS to measure kidney oxygenation in the neonatal ICU. Free access this month. bit.ly/4pAcjlU

A 3-yr-old boy presented w/dark-colored urine for 4 months. His history was negative for infections; he was taking oral methylcobalamin treatment for a persistent deficiency. Read these Clinical Insights into a case of Imerslund-Gräsbeck syndrome. link.springer.com/article/10.1...

B-cell-depleting agents like rituximab (RTX) treat severe steroid-dependent idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (SDNS) & frequent relapses. Read this Original Article on obinutuzumab as an option for SDNS children resistant to RTX w/anti-RTX antibodies. link.springer.com/article/10.1...

As a rare autosomal recessive disorder, primary hyperoxaluria type 3 (PH3) presents diagnostic challenges. Read this Original Article comparing clinical characteristics of Chinese children w/PH3 and non-PH. link.springer.com/article/10.1...

The renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system is essential for BP regulation, & its absence in children w/bilateral kidney loss predisposes them to hypotension. Read this Original Article on prolonged hypotension in children w/bilateral kidney absence. link.springer.com/article/10.1...

Urinary pH influence solubility & excretion of lithogenic substances, yet its relationship w/other metabolic parameters is underexplored. Read this Original Article on impact of urine pH on lithogenic risk profile in children w/urolithiasis. Open Access link.springer.com/article/10.1...

Neonatal AKI affects approx 1/3 of newborns admitted to neonatal ICUs & is associated w/increased morbidity & mortality. Read this Review of neonatal AKI: where are we now? link.springer.com/article/10.1...

Pediatric AKI is commonly staged by pRIFLE, which uses estimated glomerular filtration rate from creatinine & cystatin C. Read this Research Letter on biomarker kinetics & early underestimation of AKI severity by pRIFLE. link.springer.com/article/10.1...