loading . . . Understanding, Teaching, and Phenomenology in the Age of LLMs: Critical Reply to Malfatti’s “ChatGPT, Education, and Understanding”, Jacob Rump In “ChatGPT, Education, and Understanding” (2025), Federica Isabella Malfatti provides a thought-provoking account of what it would take for an Large Language Model (LLM) such as ChatGPT to count as a good teacher, insofar as teachers are fosterers of understanding, not just knowledge.[1] The essay is a welcome extension of the current focus on understanding in epistemology to technology contexts, and especially timely given the current concerning state of AI use in education. https://social-epistemology.com/2026/01/16/understanding-teaching-and-phenomenology-in-the-age-of-llms-critical-reply-to-malfattis-chatgpt-education-and-understanding-jacob-rump/